Long-Term Changes in Land-Tenure Arrangements in Pre-Modern and Early-Modern Southeast Asia: An Introduction

Nobody Owns the Land: How Inheritance Shapes Land Relations in the Central Plain of Myanmar

“…31 In this region, all the population was virtually liable for services to the Crown depending on the local traditions and state-led reorganizations. 32 As Boomgaard noted for Southeast Asian precolonial polities, 33 the question was more "who owns the crop" than "who owns the land" due to scarce labor. Yet, forms of "hereditary private tenure" 34 existed in this important trading center of the country.…”