Long-term changes in the landslide sediment supply capacity for debris flow occurrence in Wenchuan County, China

Xiong, Jiang; Tang, Chuan; Chi, Ming; Gong, Lingfeng; Li, Ning; Zhang, Xianzheng; Shi, Qingyun

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2021.105340

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This phenomenon indicates that a large amount of rainwater seeped into the slope and the surface runoff disappeared. Literature shows that this is the precursor of large-scale landslide 38 , 39 . To minimize the impact by the landslide, various drainage measures taken by the emergency response team are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution process and failure mechanism of a large expressway roadside landslide

Zhang

Ding

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Site investigation, deformation monitoring, laboratory test, and theoretical calculations were used to analyze the evolution details of a large expressway roadside landslide during the start-up sliding process. The monitoring results show that the initial deformation and failure occurred on the protective wall at the slope toe, then gradually developed to the upper part of the slope, and finally led to tensile cracks at the slope trailing edge. Accelerated deformation of the slope support structures, such as the protective wall at the slope toe, the anti-slide pile, and the anchor cable, were observed during the continuous extreme rainfall. The infiltrated rainwater can change the weight, the osmotic pressure, the anti-sliding force, the sliding force of the sliding mass, and further soften the fully weathered tuff soil and reduce its strength, resulting in the landslide occurrence. Block the slope surface runoff is an effective measure to reduce the landslide risk. The current analysis will be helpful to the prevention, control, and emergency disposal of similar landslides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution process and failure mechanism of a large expressway roadside landslide

Zhang

Ding

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…According to the dataset, 873 debris flows with magnitudes larger than ×1.0 10 4 m 3 (34% of total) occurred in the study area during the period 1998-2018. Xiong et al (2021) suggested that the transfer process of landslide sediment from hillslopes to channels in alpine basins was intense during the first 5 years after the Wenchuan earthquake; then, it gradually weakened without the influence of extreme rainfall. However, strong rainfall hit Wenchuan County again in 2013, which caused the number and area to increase significantly.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, debris flows occurred more frequently in the region affected by earthquake shock. Furthermore, landslides triggered by earthquakes have a major influence on long-term slope erosion and sediment yield (Guo et al, 2021;Xiong et al, 2021), which can directly lead to long-term material supply to valley floors, and increase the magnitudes of debris flows for a post-earthquake period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang and Zhang (2017) revealed that the post-seismic rainfall thresholds for debris flow triggering decreased by 75% after the Wenchuan Earthquake. Despite the fact that there have been a large number of studies on the long-term changes in debris flow occurrence over time (Fan et al, 2018c;Xiong et al, 2021), the M-F relation for debris flow activity before and after the Wenchuan Earthquake are still poorly documented and largely understudied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The structure of a magnitude-frequency relation for debris flows conditioned by earthquake shock

Mei

Evans²,

He³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Debris flow is a major secondary geological process associated with the 2008 M7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake area, causing the loss of around 200 lives as well as extensive property damage. Based on data developed over the past 21 years (1998–2018) of continuous monitoring of debris flow events in Sichuan, the temporal and spatial aspects of debris flows have been analyzed, including magnitude and frequency. The 21-year study period is divided into three time-intervals: 1998–2007 (pre-earthquake), 2008–2013 (short-term post-earthquake), and 2014–2018 (long-term post-earthquake). Distribution maps are plotted to compare debris flow distribution density in the three periods and to visualize debris flow development throughout Sichuan Province from 1998 to 2018. Many large-scale debris flows occur in groups immediately following the earthquake (2008–2013). After 2014, the magnitude and frequency of debris flows begin to decrease and gradually returned near to the pre-earthquake level as the damaged landscape recovered. The effect of rainfall is investigated by analyzing a 21-year record of precipitation; Following the earthquake the threshold rainfall values for debris flow triggering decrease only to recover to pre-earthquake levels as the landscape heals. Magnitude-frequency (M-F) relations for debris flows of the three periods were developed, and the distribution can be well fitted by a power-law function. Finally, the work done by debris flow was defined by multiplying the magnitude by frequency. At the regional scale, the work peaks in the three time periods have been determined and it is found that the peaks corresponded with the larger debris flow sizes. The concept of offset is introduced to describe the shift of the work peak in relation to the probability peak and is termed the Wolman-Miller offset. It is concluded that with a greater offset in the short-term post-earthquake period, more work has been done by larger events and that the greater proportion of the volume being mobilized by larger events occurring more frequently is a key process in the landscape returning to a pre-earthquake (equilibrium) state. The recovery of an earthquake-damaged landscape represents a transient period of high hazard that should be considered in any hazard assessment of earthquake-triggered landslides (in addition to co-seismic landslides).

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“…Meanwhile, the post-landslide density increased by 1.55 times compared with before the earthquake. In uenced by frequent short-term heavy rainfall and human activities, the fragile geological environment has become more sensitive, and the scale and quantity of landsliding are much larger than before the earthquake, and this phenomenon will last for a long time, which caused serious harm to the economic development and social stability (Fan et al, 2019;Xiong et al, 2021). Therefore, conducting a medium to long-term potential earthquake-induced landslide hazard assessment is crucial for emergency rescue and risk assessment of landslides in the aba area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismically-induced landslide hazard mapping of Aba region, Sichuan Province for future seismic scenarios using LR modelling and probabilistic seismic hazard analysis

Shao¹,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The purpose of this work is to carry out seismic-induced landslide hazard mapping for future seismic scenarios of Aba region. 9 earthquake events that occurred in Aba prefecture of Sichuan province and neighboring areas are selected, which include a total of 251260 landslide records. We used 13 influencing factors including elevation, slope, aspect, relief, topographic wetness index (TWI), topographic position index (TPI), ground motion, distance to active faults, vegetation coverage, distance to roads, lithology, and annual rainfall to establish the LR modelling. Based on the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), the distribution of predicted seismic motion under four earthquake scenarios are calculated including frequent earthquake, basis earthquake, rare earthquake and very rare earthquake. Using the PGA distribution of the four scenarios as input data, we calculated the occurrence probability of coseismic landslides in the entire Aba area under the action of different ground motions. The result shows that the high-hazard areas are mainly concentrated in the Longmenshan fault zone, and the southern area of Kangding is also a potential high-hazard area for landsliding. Meanwhile, as the probability of exceedance decreases, the probability of corresponding earthquake landslides and the area of high-hazard region also significantly increase. Especially, the Pengguan complex rock mass in the southwest of the Longmenshan fault zone is the potential high-hazard area for coseismic landslides.

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Long-term changes in the landslide sediment supply capacity for debris flow occurrence in Wenchuan County, China

Cited by 35 publications

References 55 publications

Evolution process and failure mechanism of a large expressway roadside landslide

Evolution process and failure mechanism of a large expressway roadside landslide

The structure of a magnitude-frequency relation for debris flows conditioned by earthquake shock

Seismically-induced landslide hazard mapping of Aba region, Sichuan Province for future seismic scenarios using LR modelling and probabilistic seismic hazard analysis

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