Long-term chest CT follow-up in COVID-19 Survivors: 102–361 days after onset

Xi, Yin; Xi, Xiaoqing; Min, Xiangde; Li, Basen; Cai, Wei; Fan, Chanyuan; Wang, Liang; Xia, Liming

doi:10.21037/atm-21-1438

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Survivors with dyspnea had a significantly higher lesion volume on the CT scan, while the absorption of lesions continued to persist 6 months following hospital discharge [ 23 ]. Besides persistent respiratory complaints, patients with long COVID also showed continuously significantly higher values of c-reactive protein, fibrinogen, urea, and creatinine associated with abnormal imaging findings [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors for COVID-19 Complete Remission with HRCT Pattern Evolution: A Monocentric, Prospective Study

et al. 2022

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There are growing concerns that some COVID-19 survivors may acquire fibrosis and other irreversible lung abnormalities. The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the rate and predictors of complete resolution of COVID-19 pneumonia by pursuing a hypothetical relation between time and imaging pattern evolution using HRCT findings. A monocentric prospective cohort study with a consecutive-case enrolment design was implemented during a five-month period, having a total of 683 post-COVID patients eligible for inclusion and 635 evaluations with complete follow-up for chest HRCT. The target for post-COVID evaluations consisted of performing HRCT 90 days after a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The studied patients had an average age of 54 years, ranging between 18 and 85 years old, and an average duration from the first symptoms until HRCT was performed of 74 days. At the post-COVID follow-up, 25.8% had a complete imagistic remission. The most common appearance with HRCT was “ground glass” in 86.6% in patients with persistent COVID-19, followed by reticulations, present in 78.8%, and respectively pleural thickening in 41.2% of cases. The mean total HRCT scores were statistically significantly higher in patients older than 65 years (10.6 ± 6.0) compared to the 40–65 group (6.1 ± 6.1) and the 18–40 age group (2.7 ± 4.8) (p < 0.001). Chest HRCT is a “time window” in documenting temporal persistent radiologic features of lung injury 90 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection, determining the pathologic basis of so-called “long COVID”. The complete remission was associated with a significantly higher average follow-up period and a significantly lower average patient age. Persistent HRCT features of ground glass, reticulation, and pleural thickening are associated with a higher total CT score and older age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors for COVID-19 Complete Remission with HRCT Pattern Evolution: A Monocentric, Prospective Study

et al. 2022

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“…The meta-analysis was conducted separately by different definitions of breathlessness: no scale (71 papers), MRC or mMRC dyspnoea scale (22 papers) and other scales (14 papers); 5 of the 102 papers measured post-COVID breathlessness using more than one definition. The pooled prevalence of post-COVID breathlessness was 26% (95% CI [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] in studies directly measuring presence or absence of the symptom, 41% (95% CI [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] in studies using MRC/mMRC dyspnoea scale and 51% (95% CI [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] in studies using other scales (figure 2). Substantial heterogeneity across studies was observed in each of the three meta-analyses (I 2 =98.8%, 97.4% and 95.9%, respectively; p<0.001).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Post-covid Breathlessness Among Covid-19 Survi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial heterogeneity across studies was observed in each of the three meta-analyses (I 2 =98.8%, 97.4% and 95.9%, respectively; p<0.001). ASADI-POOYA [24] AUL [91] AYDIN [65] BALDINI [62] FERNÁNDEZ-DE-LAS-PEÑAS [105] SUÁREZ-ROBLES [128] DARCIS [101] DREYER [103] ZAYET [137] YOMOGIDA [34] VENTURELLI [135] VARGHESE [134] TAYLOR [131] TAWFIK [14] SZEKELY [66] SULTANA [129] STAVEM [127] SONNWEBER [58] RIGHI [123] PELUSO [13] O'SULLIVAN [122] O'KEEFE [121] NAIK [54] MOTIEJUNAITE [64] MECHI [44] MALLIA [115] KLEIN [111] GABER [106] EROL [25] DIAZ-FUENTES [102] DANKOWSKI [100] CARFI [96] CORTÉS-TELLES [69] CARVALHO-SCHNEIDER [97] BOARI [94] VIJAYAKUMAR [65] Total (I 2 =95.9%, p<0.001) ZHANG [39] D'CRUZ [35] D'CRUZ [35] TODT [132] TAYLOR [131] SKJORTEN [38] DAYNES [10] APARISI [26] DE GRAAF [61] YIN …”

Section: Prevalence Of Post-covid Breathlessness Among Covid-19 Survi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, risk factors and treatments for post-COVID-19 breathlessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zheng

Daines²,

Han³

et al. 2022

Eur Respir Rev

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Persistent breathlessness >28 days after acute COVID-19 infection has been identified as a highly debilitating post-COVID symptom. However, the prevalence, risk factors, mechanisms and treatments for post-COVID breathlessness remain poorly understood. We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for relevant studies published from 1 January 2020 to 1 November 2021 (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021285733) and included 119 eligible papers. Random-effects meta-analysis of 42 872 patients with COVID-19 reported in 102 papers found an overall prevalence of post-COVID breathlessness of 26% (95% CI 23–29) when measuring the presence/absence of the symptom, and 41% (95% CI 34–48) when using Medical Research Council (MRC)/modified MRC dyspnoea scale. The pooled prevalence decreased significantly from 1–6 months to 7–12 months post-infection. Post-COVID breathlessness was more common in those with severe/critical acute infection, those who were hospitalised and females, and was less likely to be reported by patients in Asia than those in Europe or North America. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed (including deconditioning, restrictive/obstructive airflow limitation, systemic inflammation, impaired mental health), but the body of evidence remains inconclusive. Seven cohort studies and one randomised controlled trial suggested rehabilitation exercises may reduce post-COVID breathlessness. There is an urgent need for mechanistic research and development of interventions for the prevention and treatment of post-COVID breathlessness.

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“…Somatic sequelae of acute COVID-19 , e.g., persistent dyspnea by impaired pulmonary function [ 20 ] in patients with previously healthy lungs or loss of smell/taste that can persist for an undetermined period of time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneously reported persistent symptoms related to coronavirus disease 2019 one year after hospital discharge

Zuschlag

Grandt

Custodis

et al. 2022

Schmerz

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Background There are no outcome studies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors one year after hospital discharge in Germany. Methods This retrospective cohort study included all patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hospitalized in the departments of internal medicine of the Klinikum Saarbrücken, a tertiary care hospital, between March 15 and December 31, 2020. A telephone interview with survivors was conducted at least 12 months after discharge. The interview was initiated with an open-ended question whether the patient had fully recovered from the disease. In the event of a subjective incomplete recovery, the patient was prompted to report any continuous or frequent symptoms that had not occurred prior to COVID-19. Finally, independent of the open-ended question response, all patients were asked closed questions which addressed new symptom onset of persistent fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, headache, muscle and joint pain following COVID-19. Results In all, 235 survivors were contacted and 162 could be included in the analysis. In 55 of 162 interviews (34.0%) at least one persistent COVID-19 symptom (PCS) was spontaneously reported. Four of 55 survivors with PCS reported five additional symptoms on the closed questions. One survivor, who responded positively to the open-ended question, reported new onset PCS in response to the closed questions. Physical fatigue (24.7%), cognitive dysfunction (14.8%), shortness of breath (8.6%), muscle and joint pain (6.8%) and headache (6.2%) were the most frequently reported PCS. Conclusions Despite an interview technique aimed to reduce attribution bias by patients, one third of COVID-19 inpatient survivors report PCS one year after hospitalization. The complete article is written in English.

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Long-term chest CT follow-up in COVID-19 Survivors: 102–361 days after onset

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Predictors for COVID-19 Complete Remission with HRCT Pattern Evolution: A Monocentric, Prospective Study

Predictors for COVID-19 Complete Remission with HRCT Pattern Evolution: A Monocentric, Prospective Study

Prevalence, risk factors and treatments for post-COVID-19 breathlessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Spontaneously reported persistent symptoms related to coronavirus disease 2019 one year after hospital discharge

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