“…Consequently, ESSs are increasingly being embedded in distribution networks to offer technical, economic, and environmental advantages. These include mitigation of voltage deviation [11,12], facilitation of renewable energy source (RES) integration [13][14][15], distributed generation planning [16] and RES energy time-shifting [17], load shifting [18][19][20][21], load levelling [22] and peak shaving [23], power quality improvement [5,11,24,25], frequency regulation [5,26], network expansion [27,28] and overall cost reduction [29,30], operating reserves [5,31], GHG reduction [32][33][34], profit maximization [5,35], and network reliability [36]. Unfortunately, misplacement or misuse of ESSs in distribution networks can adversely affect network performance [37], voltage and frequency regulation, power quality, reliability, and load controllability.…”