Long term climatic trends in Chile and effects on soil moisture and temperature regimes

Stolpe, Neal B.; Undurraga, Pablo

doi:10.4067/s0718-58392016000400013

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…RSWC at jointing, anthesis, and maturity stages Soil water content which are affected by irrigation and rainfall or by climate change affects DM accumulation and grain yield (Liu et al, 2016;Stolpe and Undurraga, 2016). In our study, the irrigation amounts in I70 and I75 were 44.6 and 66.3 mm at the jointing stage and 3 and 33.5 mm at the anthesis stage in 2008-2009, and were 20.5 and 47.6 mm at the jointing stage, 74.3 and 87.3 mm at the anthesis stage in 2009-2010, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of supplemental irrigation based on soil water content on water consumption, dry matter and yield of wheat

Zhang

Shi

et al. 2019

Chil. j. agric. res.

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Water-saving cultivation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important technique for achieving high yield and high water use eficiency (WUE) in the North China Plain (NCP) where water resources are in shortage. In order to determine the effects of supplemental irrigation based on soil water content on crop evapotranspiration (ET), DM, grain yield and WUE in wheat, treatments were designed to vary the relative soil water content at jointing and anthesis stages: I70 (70%, 70%) and I75 (75%, 75%) with rain-fed (I0) and traditional irrigation (Ick) as contrasts. The results indicated that the irrigation amount of I70 and I75 were significantly lower than that of Ick by 45.1 to 132.4 mm, but soil water depletion increased by 23.5 to 35.4 mm. Although the total ET throughout the growing season (ETt) of I75 was less than that of Ick, the ratio to ETt from anthesis to maturity increased significantly. The DM partitioning ratio was decreased in vegetable organs, but increased in grain for I75 compared with Ick. The grain yield for I75 was significantly higher than that of I0 and I70, whereas nonsignificant difference was observed between I75 and Ick, and the WUE and irrigation water use efficiency of I75 were higher than those of Ick by 11.0% and 87.4% in 2008-2009 and 3.5% and 34.0% in 2009-2010. Thus, I75 can be developed as an optimal water-saving irrigation regimes in the NCP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of supplemental irrigation based on soil water content on water consumption, dry matter and yield of wheat

Zhang

Shi

et al. 2019

Chil. j. agric. res.

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“…The improvements in seed size from the Alborea hybrids offer a novel adaptation to climate change. Higher soil temperature coupled with more variable rainfall patterns are predicted for Australia (Moore & Ghahramani, 2013), Chile (Stolpe & Undurraga, 2016), and Mediterranean Europe (Giorgi & Lionello, 2008), which are likely to induce periods of drought stress and make it more difficult to establish alfalfa. The seed size of Alborea hybrid CTA034 was 74% larger than that for the control cultivar SARDI 7S2, and 34% larger than the highest M. s. sativa entry, APG 45680.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and pre‐breeding of diverse alfalfa wild relatives originating from drought‐stressed environments

et al. 2020

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Changing climates and associated increased variability pose risks to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivation, with the requirement to establish, survive, and maintain production under water stress. Crop wild relatives (CWR) of alfalfa include populations that have evolved to survive in a number of different, extreme environments, but until recently have had limited use in breeding programs. Here we report on the phenotypic diversity of alfalfa crop wild relatives that were selected to represent extremes in drought tolerance (by sourcing germplasm from environments with extremes in low rainfall, high temperature, shallow soils, and winter freezing) with the aim of providing germplasm with drought tolerance and improved forage yield traits for breeding programs in both warm and cool dry temperate environments. Newly formed hybrids created between M. sativa, M. arborea L. (a woody shrub), and M. truncatula Gaertn. (an annual species from the Mediterranean region) were developed or acquired to introduce new genetic diversity from the tertiary genepool. Preliminary characterization and evaluation was used for taxonomic classification, and to identify wild accessions and pre‐bred (hybrid) lines that offer new diversity for growth habit, seed size, fall dormancy, and forage yield. The accessions and pre‐breeding lines described have been donated to the Australian Pastures Genebank for conservation and distribution.

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“…)), at the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Osorno, Chile, between August 2016 and November 2017. The site has a mean annual temperature and precipitation of 10.6 • C and 1321 mm, respectively, [26] and a temperate, without dry season, warm summer (Cfb) climate classification [27]. The mean monthly temperature, rainfall and incident solar radiation for the experimental period are presented in Figure 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Drying Methods on Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Crude Protein Concentrations and Their Ratio in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

2019

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The objective of this study was to assess the joint effect of perennial ryegrass cultivars and drying methods on concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and crude protein (CP) and WSC/CP ratio. AberMagic AR1 and Expo AR1 forage were collected in December 2016, March, June, September and November 2017 and either oven-dried at 60 °C for 48 h (OD_60), at 80 °C for 16 h (OD_80), frozen at −80 °C for 48 h then freeze-dried (−80_FD), or flash-frozen with liquid N then freeze-dried (LN_FD). Data were analyzed by ANOVA in a factorial design with cultivar and drying method as factors. AberMagic AR1 had between 9.0 to 31.5% higher WSC concentration than Expo AR1 in the four samplings. Freeze-drying preserved more WSC than oven-drying treatments (+22.7%), particularly in June. The CP concentration of Expo AR1 was higher only in December (+6.8%), and was 22.9 and 10.9% higher in OD_60 samples compared to LN_FD samples in December and November, respectively. The WSC/CP ratio varied in June, being greater in AberMagic AR1 (+36.1%). Drying method affected WSC/CP ratio in December, June and November where freeze-drying produced greater ratios. Drying techniques generated differences in WSC, CP and WSC/CP ratio, which may affect the accuracy of the estimated impacts of forages on productivity and N use efficiency.

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Long term climatic trends in Chile and effects on soil moisture and temperature regimes

Abstract: 5 °C, which suggests that in some areas soil temperature and moisture conditions have become somewhat more limiting over time, and, if continued, will likely result in a southerly expansion of the Xeric SMR, and increased need for supplemental irrigation of crops.]]>

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of supplemental irrigation based on soil water content on water consumption, dry matter and yield of wheat

Effects of supplemental irrigation based on soil water content on water consumption, dry matter and yield of wheat

Characterization and pre‐breeding of diverse alfalfa wild relatives originating from drought‐stressed environments

The Effect of Drying Methods on Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Crude Protein Concentrations and Their Ratio in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

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