Long‐term cognitive outcome, brain computed tomography scan, and magnetic resonance imaging in children cured for acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Abstract

Erwarte das Unerwartete: Die Reaktion von Imidazoliumpyridinium‐Salzen mit [{IrCp*Cl2}2] und [{RhCp*Cl2}2] lieferte eine Serie von Komplexen. Neben den erwarteten Bis(NHC)‐Komplexen wurden auch Spezies beobachtet, die aus der C‐C‐Kupplung zwischen den Pyridyliden‐ und den Cp*‐Liganden hervorgehen (siehe Schema; Cp*=Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl).

Cognitive and radiological effects of radiotherapy in patients with low-grade glioma: long-term follow-up

“…These fi ndings are in accordance with those of previous studies in adults with brain tumours who have had radiotherapy 9,10 and in children who have had radiotherapy. 12,13 The results of previous studies have suggested that a high fraction dose might account for the cognitive defi cits in patients after radiotherapy. 14,16 However, the results presented here indicate that all surviving patients who had radiotherapy are at risk of developing attentional problems at some point.…”

“…Radiologically detectable brain abnormalities (eg, white matter hyperintensities and brain atrophy) have consistently been found to a greater extent among patients who had radiotherapy than among those who did not, [7][8][9][10][11] and these radiological abnormalities are associated with poor cognitive performance. 9,10,12,13 Because whole-brain radiotherapy is associated with cognitive defi cits, 9,14,15 focal radiotherapy has been the preferred treatment for LGG for the past decade. However, the eff ects on cognition of local radiotherapy in long-term survivors of LGG have not yet been established.…”

Detection and characterization of neurotoxicity in cancer patients using proton MR spectroscopy

“…Risk factors identified from studies of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and brain tumors include young age at treatment [13,23,3,1], dose and type of treatment, particularly cranial irradiation and high-dose chemotherapy [13,15,25], increased time since treatment [26,23], and female gender [3]. Structural changes, including subacute leukoencephalopathy, mineralizing microangiopathy, and cortical atrophy, have been observed on CT or MRI during and after treatment [5], but associations between NP deficits and structural abnormalities are inconsistent and yield mixed results [18,28]. Early detection and improved objective characterization of NT would be useful in the clinical management of these patients.…”

Rehabilitation of therapy-related cognitive deficits in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

“…7,8 Some revealed damage as global deficits in the form of lower intelligence test scores, while others showed specific attention and memory deficits. [9][10][11] Cranial RT as well as intrathecal chemotherapy results in these complications. [12][13][14][15] Comparison of the effects of various therapeutic approaches has resulted in reduction in the neurotoxicity of various regimens.…”