Long-Term Compliance with Salt Restriction in Japanese Hypertensive Patients

Ohta, Yuko; Tsuchihashi, Takuya; Onaka, Uran; Eto, Kojiro; Tominaga, Mitsuhiro; Ueno, Makoto

doi:10.1291/hypres.28.953

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…[3][4][5] In addition, reducing salt intake can be difficult in medical practice. Ohta et al 13 demonstrated that the rate of achievement of an average urinary salt excretion of o6 g per day, with instructions to reduce salt intake from trained dieticians, was only 10.3%, which was similar to the results of the present study (11.3%). Actually, the average daily salt excretion achieved in this study was 8.7 g per day, which is much greater than that recommended by several guidelines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…First, the estimation of daily urinary salt excretion using a spot urine sample might be less accurate than that using 24-h urine collection, as mentioned above. However, the changes in urinary salt excretion obtained in this study using spot urine were very similar to those assessed with 24-h urine collection by Ohta et al 13 (9.6 ± 4.2 to 8.7 ± 3.4 g per day). Second, this study focused on mid-term results, thus the long-term results are not known.…”

Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 88%

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Spot urine-guided salt reduction is effective in Japanese cardiology outpatients

Hirota¹,

Sadanaga

Mitamura

et al. 2012

Hypertens Res

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Dietary salt restriction is recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with hypertension and heart failure as well as in the general population. However, salt reduction is very difficult without knowing the daily salt intake of individual patients. A total of 524 subjects (72 ± 10 year old, 246 female) who visited an outpatient cardiology clinic were included in this study. Daily dietary salt intake was estimated based on the sodium and creatinine concentrations of spot urine at the time of enrollment and during follow-up for 8-26 weeks. The attending physicians explained the individual data to the patients and encouraged them to reduce their salt intake through simple counseling. The baseline estimated salt excretion was 9.6 ± 2.7 (range: 3.5-22.1) g per day, which decreased to 8.7 ± 2.3 (3.7-18.0) g per day during follow-up. The systolic blood pressure decreased from 127.0±15.4 (range: 80-170) to 125.6±14.5 (80-172) mm Hg (P ¼ 0.026), and the diastolic blood pressure decreased from 73.4 ± 11.0 (range: 40-106) to 71.5 ± 10.8 (50-102) mm Hg (Po0.001). In conclusion, the estimation of salt intake by spot urine was a useful method for motivating patients to reduce their salt intake; however, achieving salt reduction to the level recommended by the guideline could be a challenge.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Spot urine-guided salt reduction is effective in Japanese cardiology outpatients

Hirota¹,

Sadanaga

Mitamura

et al. 2012

Hypertens Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…12,31,32 In the literature, people employed in regular jobs are involved in physical activity more than those who are unemployed. 33 In the present study, similar to the literature, the rate of adherence to physical activity was high in the male participants and in those who perceived their income level as good.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertensive patients’ adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods, in Turkey

Selçuk

Çevik

Mercan

et al. 2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: The present study was aimed at determining hypertensive patients’ adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods and factors affecting their adherence. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 418 patients aged 18 and over who met the inclusion criteria. Adherence to pharmacological and some non-pharmacological treatment methods is the dependent variable of the study. Data were collected using the personal information form, Morisky medication adherence scale. In the analysis, descriptive statistics, the chi square test, and logistic regression analysis were used. The significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The rate of adherence to the pharmacological treatment was 78.2%. The rates of adherence to smoking cessation, diet and physical activity were 49.0%, 55.7% and 20.6% respectively. Age, employment status and perceived health status were associated with the adherence to smoking cessation; perceived income, resort to complementary alternative treatment methods and having regular controls (check-ups) were related to the adherence to the diet, and gender and perceived economic status were related to the adherence to physical activities (p<0.05). Conclusions: While approximately four out of five patients complied with the pharmacological treatment, rates of adherence to non-pharmacological treatment methods were low. Multidisciplinary intervention programs should be planned in order to regularly monitor patients at family health centers, to assess their adherence to treatment modalities and to promote adherence.

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“…11 Long-term compliance with salt restriction in hypertensive patients was also extremely low. 12 As it is difficult to change dietary habits in adults, education or intervention to reduce salt intake during childhood is very important. However, there are very few studies addressing salt intake in Japanese children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt intake in 3-year-old Japanese children

et al. 2011

Self Cite

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Salt restriction is widely recommended for the prevention and management of hypertension. It is very important to reduce salt intake during childhood. This survey was conducted to investigate salt intake in Japanese children. The study subjects, totalling 1424, comprised 3-year-old children who received health checkups conducted by a public health center. Using first-morning urine samples, urinary concentrations of sodium, potassium and creatinine were measured. Additionally, the participants' parents filled out a questionnaire regarding their children's dietary habits. Urinary sodium and potassium concentrations were 140 ± 67 and 67 ± 41 mmol l À1 , respectively. The estimated urinary sodium excretion values had a wide distribution, with a mean value of 75±47 mmol per day (4.4 g per day of salt). Sodium excretion exceeded 100 and 200 mmol per day in 336 (24%) and 32 (2.2%) subjects, respectively. Urinary sodium excretion was significantly higher in children who had older siblings than in firstborn children (78 ± 49 vs. 72 ± 45 mmol per day, Po0.05). The urinary sodium/potassium ratio was also higher in the former group (3.0±2.7 vs. 2.7±2.2, Po0.01). Sodium excretion tended to be higher in children who ate daily snacks than in those who did not (76±48 vs. 71±44 mmol per day, P¼0.07). In contrast, potassium excretion was significantly higher and the sodium/potassium ratio was lower in children who ate fruits daily than those who did not (39 ± 29 vs. 33 ± 23 mmol per day and 2.6 ± 2.0 vs. 3.2 ± 2.7, Po0.01, respectively). These results suggest that excess salt intake occurs in a significant number of 3-year-old Japanese children. The presence of older siblings and dietary habits of eating snacks or fruits influence their sodium and potassium intake.

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Long-Term Compliance with Salt Restriction in Japanese Hypertensive Patients

Cited by 46 publications

References 17 publications

Spot urine-guided salt reduction is effective in Japanese cardiology outpatients

Spot urine-guided salt reduction is effective in Japanese cardiology outpatients

Hypertensive patients’ adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods, in Turkey

Salt intake in 3-year-old Japanese children

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