Long-Term Consequences of Childhood Sexual Abuse by Gender of Victim

Dube, Shanta R.; Anda, Robert F.; Whitfield, Charles L.; Brown, David W.; Felitti, Vincent J.; Dong, Maxia; Giles, Wayne H.

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.01.015

Cited by 753 publications

(529 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…CSA has numerous consequences and has long lasting effects on victims throughout their life span, often leaving them with a sense of loss, and stigmatization (Alaggia, 2005;Easton, 2013). The consequences of CSA often continue well into adulthood affecting nearly all facets of victims' lives ranging from lower socioeconomic outcomes, PTSD, depression, anxiety, use of illicit drugs or alcohol, self-mutilation, and increased risk of suicide attempts (Currie, & Spatz Widom, 2010;Denov, 2004;Dube et al 2005;Fergusson, McLeod, & Horwood, 2013;O'Leary, & Gould, 2010;Ullman, 2003;Valente, 2005;Hunter, 2009).…”

Section: ! !mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors

Gagnier

Collin‐Vézina

2016

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

112

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Section: ! !mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors

Gagnier

Collin‐Vézina

2016

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

112

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“…Two studies conducted by a health maintenance organization in San Diego, involving 9460 individuals, analyzed both childhood sexual abuse and other forms of trauma. 25,26 Although the first study, focusing on childhood abuse in women, found a strong association, the second study 26 evaluated both men and women with childhood abuse and concluded, 'For both men and the women, the risk of each outcome was increased at a similar magnitude. For example, compared with no sexual abuse, there was a twofold increased risk for suicide attempts for both men and women (P = 0.05) Similarly, there was a 40% increased risk of marrying an alcoholic for both men and women who reported CSA compared with those not reporting CSA (P = 0.05)'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex, trauma, stress hormones and depression

2009

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Although few studies dispute that there are gender differences in depression, the etiology is still unknown. In this review, we cover a number of proposed factors and the evidences for and against these factors that may account for gender differences in depression. These include the possible role of estrogens at puberty, differences in exposure to childhood trauma, differences in stress perception between men and women and the biological differences in stress response. None of these factors seem to explain gender differences in depression. Finally, we do know that when depressed, women show greater hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation than men and that menopause with loss of estrogens show the greatest HPA axis dysregulation. It may be the constantly changing steroid milieu that contributes to these phenomena and vulnerability to depression.

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“…We expected these children to be especially vulnerable to continued victimizations. Moreover, based on literature suggesting the particularly large developmental insults posed by such experiences as child maltreatment and sexual abuse (Dube et al, 2005;Felitti, Anda, & Nordenberg, 1998), we also expected such victimizations might be particularly powerful "gateways" to persisting victimization or persisting high levels of victimization. (Finkelhor & Asdigian, 1996), including such features as family problems and instability, neighborhood conditions and life course adversities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-victimization patterns in a national longitudinal sample of children and youth

Finkelhor

Ormrod

Turner

2007

Child Abuse & Neglect

468

339

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Objective: To understand to the degree to which a broad variety of victimizations, including child maltreatment, conventional crime, peer, and sexual victimizations, persist for children from 1 year to the next. Design: A national sample of 1467 children aged 2-17 recruited through random digit dialing and assessed via telephone interviews (with caretakers and youth themselves) about a comprehensive range of victimization experiences in the previous year, and then re-assessed (72.3% of baseline sample) after a 1-year interval. Results:The risk for re-victimization in Year 2 was high for children victimized in Year 1, with risk ratios ranging from 2.2 for physical assault to 6.9 for sexual victimization. Victimization of any one type left substantial vulnerability even for different types of subsequent re-victimization (e.g., property crime victimization was associated with higher risk of sexual victimization the next year). Children with four or more types of victimization in Year 1 ("poly-victims") were at particularly high risk of persisting poly-victimization. Persisting poly-victimization was more likely for children who scored high on anger/aggression and who had recent life adversities. Desistence from poly-victimization was associated with having more good friends. Onset of poly-victimization in Year 2, in contrast to persistence from Year 1, was associated with violent or maltreating families, family problems such as alcohol abuse, imprisonment, unemployment and family disruption. Having more older siblings acted as both a risk factor and a protective factor for different groups of youth. Conclusion: Children previously victimized in 1 year are at higher risk of continued victimization, and the polyvictims are at particular risk. These findings suggest the potential merit of identifying these high-risk children and making them priority targets for prevention efforts.

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Long-Term Consequences of Childhood Sexual Abuse by Gender of Victim

Cited by 753 publications

References 59 publications

The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors

The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors

Sex, trauma, stress hormones and depression

Re-victimization patterns in a national longitudinal sample of children and youth

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