Long-Term Consequences of Colonial Institutions and Human Capital Investments: Sub-National Evidence from Madagascar

Wietzke, Frank-Borge

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.08.010

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…At first glance these results do not support the colonial human capital channel; yet, the insignificant long-term correlation may reflect spillovers (from the "treatment" to the "control" group). In line with this, Wietzke (2015) They then show that missions were systematically placed. Initially missions were established in areas with a low prevalence of malaria, almost exclusively along the coast and close to precolonial trade routes (though the Ashante allowed missionaries in their region after 1890), see Michalopoulos, Naghavi, and Prarolo (2018) for the importance of pre-industrial trade routes for the expansion of Islam in Africa and beyond.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Historical Legacies and African Development

Michalopoulos

Papaioannou

2020

Journal of Economic Literature

115

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As Africa's role on the global stage is rising, so does the need to understand the shadow of history on the continent's economy and polity. We discuss recent works that shed light on Africa's colonial and precolonial legacies. The emerging corpus is remarkably interdisciplinary. Archives, ethnographic materials, georeferenced censuses, surveys, and satellite imagery are some of the sources often combined to test influential conjectures put forward in African historiography. Exploiting within-country variation and employing credible, albeit mostly local, identification techniques, this recent literature has uncovered strong evidence of historical continuity as well as instances of rupture in the evolution of the African economy. The exposition proceeds in reverse chronological order. Starting from the colonial period, which has been linked to almost all of Africa's post-independence maladies, we first review works that uncover the lasting legacies of colonial investments in infrastructure and human capital and quantify the role of various extractive institutions, such as indirect rule and oppression associated with concessionary agreements. Second, we discuss the long-lasting impact of the "Scramble for Africa" which led to ethnic partitioning and the creation of artificial modern states. Third, we cover studies on the multi-faceted legacy of the slave trades. Fourth, we analyze the contemporary role of various precolonial, ethnic-specific, institutional and social traits, such as political centralization. We conclude by offering some thoughts on what we view as open questions.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Historical Legacies and African Development

Michalopoulos

Papaioannou

2020

Journal of Economic Literature

115

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“…Directly through conditionality requirements, such as anticorruption or better rule of law demands in PTAs and BITs, or indirectly through the demonstration channel, (i.e., the introduction of new methods of business practices), Northern investors can help improve institutional quality in the South (Kwok and Tadesse, ). Northern investors can also improve host country institutions through lobbying and exerting pressure on local policy makers (Dang, ; Long et al ., ). Yet, Demir () finds no evidence of positive institutional effects of FDI flows at the bilateral level in North–South or any other direction but reports some negative effects at the aggregate level for South– South flows.…”

Section: Theory and Empirics Of South–south Trade And Financementioning

confidence: 97%

“…(Continued) Acemoglu et al ( , 2015, Iyer (2010), Wietzke (2015), Bagchi (2008) Northern colonialism and slave trade had negative effects on institutional development, democracy, income growth, human capital, trust, and income inequality in the South. 5.…”

Section: Dynamic Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

South–south and North–south Economic Exchanges: Does It Matter Who Is Exchanging What and With Whom?

Dahi

Demir

2017

Journal of Economic Surveys

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This paper surveys the literature on costs and benefits of South–South versus North–South economic exchanges. Unlike the case for North–South exchanges, academic work on South–South economic relations has been historically limited given their marginal importance in the global economy. After the 1990s, the literature has changed in two main ways. First, South–South trade and finance since then has increased dramatically, leading to a bourgeoning literature on the topic. Second, the rise of the Emerging South has opened up new lines of inquiry to include not just the traditional topics of trade and preferential trading agreements, but also cover technology transfer, capital flows, labor migration, institutions, and environment. We discuss how this literature has evolved to take into account the greater complexity of South–South relations with a focus on China in Africa as well as the blurring of the lines between heterodox and mainstream analysis of South–South relations. We end the review by showing how the empirical and theoretical literature is exploring the increasing divergence within the global South between what we refer to as the Emerging South and the Rest of South.

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“…Liu et al [6] illustrate such distant interactions, showing how the soy trade between Brazil and China, for example, led to agricultural land use intensification in Brazil. At the In this paper, we focus on Madagascar, a global biodiversity hotspot in the Indian Ocean that has been subject to various land claims by distant actors since colonial times [41,42]. Due to Madagascar's high degree of endemic plant and animal species and the related high-profile interests of Western conservationists, the island saw its system of protected areas expand rapidly in the last two decades [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Competition under Telecoupling: Distant Actors’ Environmental versus Economic Claims on Land in North-Eastern Madagascar

et al. 2019

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In north-eastern Madagascar, maintenance of biodiversity competes with expansion of land for agriculture and mining. The concept of “telecoupling” provides a framework for analysis of distant actors and institutions that influence local land use decisions. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the extent of telecoupling of land governance in north-eastern Madagascar and a lack of evidence regarding its role in driving land use change and land competition. Using a descriptive Social Network Analysis, we disentangled distant interactions between actors in terms of flows and institutions. Our findings show that the domains of economic and environmental interactions are dominated by actors from different sectors that have claims on the same land but generally do not interact. Distant influences occurring via remote flows of goods, money, and institutions serve to reinforce local land competition. Balancing economic and environmental land claims for more sustainable regional development in north-eastern Madagascar requires collaboration between actors across sectors, scales, and domains.

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Long-Term Consequences of Colonial Institutions and Human Capital Investments: Sub-National Evidence from Madagascar

Cited by 31 publications

References 41 publications

Historical Legacies and African Development

Historical Legacies and African Development

South–south and North–south Economic Exchanges: Does It Matter Who Is Exchanging What and With Whom?

Land Competition under Telecoupling: Distant Actors’ Environmental versus Economic Claims on Land in North-Eastern Madagascar

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