Long-Term Developments and Biodiversity in Carabid and Staphylinid (Coleoptera: Carabidae and Staphylinidae) Fauna during the Application of Organic Fertilizers under Agroecosystem Conditions

Abstract

The aim of this work was to ascertain the influence of applying various doses of organic fertilizers on the occurrence of the Carabidae and Staphylinidae families. The research was carried out in five treatments: 1) control treatment, 2) 25 t ha-1 of farmyard manure, 3) 50 t ha-1 of bio-sludge, 4) 50 t ha-1 of farmyard manure, and 5) 100 t ha-1 of bio-sludge. Coleoptera was represented by 87,324 individuals, Carabidae with a dominance of 80.53 to 86.28%, and Staphylinidae from 5.36 to 8.32%. Carabidae recorded the highest number for the 5 th treatment, for 16,534 individuals, with the lowest number being for the 4 th treatment, for 12,322 individuals. Staphylinidae recorded the highest number for the 4 th treatment, with a frequency of 1,273 individuals, and the lowest number was for the 2 nd treatment, with 934 individuals. When considering the crops grown that produce convenient individual conditions, crops producing shading, Helianthus annuus and Zea mays were preferred. The statistical evaluation did not confirm the effect of treatments, temperature, precipitation, and year of the occurrence of Carabidae. The effect of the treatment was not confirmed statistically in Staphylinidae, and the impact of the year, temperature, and precipitation were significant.

Assessment of soil quality in agroecosystems based on soil fauna

“…The multivariate analysis of our results, of single soil arthropods in relation to land use showed that the predominance of taxa is linked to grass mixture, Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, T. spelta. The predominance of soil arthropods in the same crops is noted in (Porhajašová et al, 2018). We also noted the predominance of soil arthropods with phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium binding.…”

Manure management and soil biodiversity: Towards more sustainable food systems in the EU

“…Also, for collembolans, toxicity increases with the quantity of pig manure, whereby doses of 50, 75 and 100 t ha − 1 caused 100% mortality (Maccari et al, 2020). However, Porhajašová et al (2018) found 25 or 50 t ha − 1 to not impact the presence of beetles (Coleoptera). The applications of 600 kg N ha − 1 of pig manure led to a higher abundance of nematodes, compared to 150 kg N ha − 1 , possibly due to an increase in microbial biomass (Jiang et al, 2013).…”

Impact of arable farming management on the biodiversity of Carabidae (Coleoptera)

“…The species richness of agroecosystems almost always exceeds the species richness of natural, resp. semi-natural landscape ( Ivanič Porhajašová et al, 2018 ).…”