Long-Term Effect of a Leonardite Iron Humate Improving Fe Nutrition As Revealed in Silico, in Vivo, and in Field Experiments

Cieschi, María Teresa; Caballero-Molada, Marcos; Menéndez, Nieves; Gutiérrez–Naranjo, Miguel A.; Lucena, Juan J.

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01804

Cited by 15 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The products S and M, prepared from 57 Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , at their second dose (75 μmol 57 Fe pot -1 ) and the product F, prepared from 57 Fe(NO 3 ) 3 at the third dose (150 μmol 57 Fe pot -1 ) showed the highest Fe Fer increase between sampling times. These results are consistent with our previous data (Cieschi et al, 2017) on fertilization with iron leonardite humate which sustained slow and increasing iron nutrition to citrus growth under conditions of calcareous soil and yielded results similar to FeEDDHA with regard to efficacy of iron deficiency correction during the first year of application.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Most agricultural soils contain natural ferrihydrite NPs, which may contribute to iron nutrition of plants. Many authors (Römheld and Nikolic, 2007; Colombo et al, 2012; Cieschi et al, 2017) reported ferrihydrite formation during the iron humate synthesis, they characterized and studied the relationship between the particle size, pH and stability. Angelico et al (2014) and Colombo et al (2015) have shown that the phase of iron (hydr)oxide formed in the presence of HS depends on pH, oxidation rate, and Fe:HS ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This kind of iron fertilizers is more ecofriendly than synthetic iron chelates but they are less efficient in correcting iron chlorosis. Moreover, field experiments have demonstrated that the synthetic chelate has a fast effect while the iron humate fertilizers provide increasing iron availability in the root–soil interface resulting in slow uptake of Fe by the plants (Cieschi et al, 2017). Kulikova et al (2017) have demonstrated that only iron from very small and amorphous nanoparticles of ferric polymers incorporated into humic matrix is readily taken up by plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eco-Friendly Iron-Humic Nanofertilizers Synthesis for the Prevention of Iron Chlorosis in Soybean (Glycine max) Grown in Calcareous Soil

et al. 2019

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Iron deficiency is a frequent problem for many crops, particularly in calcareous soils and iron humates are commonly applied in the Mediterranean basin in spite of their lesser efficiency than iron synthetic chelates. Development and application of new fertilizers using nanotechnology are one of the potentially effective options of enhancing the iron humates, according to the sustainable agriculture. Particle size, pH, and kinetics constrain the iron humate efficiency. Thus, it is relevant to understand the iron humate mechanism in the plant–soil system linking their particle size, characterization and iron distribution in plant and soil using 57 Fe as a tracer tool. Three hybrid nanomaterials (F, S, and M) were synthesized as iron-humic nanofertilizers ( 57 Fe-NFs) from leonardite potassium humate and 57 Fe used in the form of 57 Fe(NO 3 ) 3 or 57 Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 . They were characterized using Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and tested for iron availability in a calcareous soil pot experiment carried out under growth chamber conditions. Three doses (35, 75, and 150 μmol pot -1 ) of each iron-humic material were applied to soybean iron deficient plants and their iron nutrition contributions were compared to 57 FeEDDHA and leonardite potassium humate as control treatments. Ferrihydrite was detected as the main structure of all three 57 Fe-NFs and the plants tested with iron-humic compounds exhibited continuous long-term statistically reproducible iron uptake and showed high shoot fresh weight. Moreover, the 57 Fe from the humic nanofertilizers remained available in soil and was detected in soybean pods. The Fe-NFs offers a natural, low cost and environmental option to the traditional iron fertilization in calcareous soils.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eco-Friendly Iron-Humic Nanofertilizers Synthesis for the Prevention of Iron Chlorosis in Soybean (Glycine max) Grown in Calcareous Soil

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“…The main component denoted by Fe 3+ A with δ = 0.37 mm s −1 , Δ = 0.75 mm s −1 and a = 56% represents a high‐spin Fe 3+ that can be associated with ferrihydrite. The Fe 3+ B has δ = 0.38 mm s −1 , Δ = 1.22 mm s −1 and a = 44% compatible with Fe 3+ polynuclear structures . Attending to Fe 2+ :G7 (1:2) spectrum (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Fe:ligand ratios on hydroponic conditions and calcareous soil in Solanum lycopersicum L. and Glycine max L. fertilized with heptagluconate and gluconate

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND: The environmental risk from the application of synthetic chelates has led to the use of biodegradable complexes to correct Fe deficiency in plants. In this article, the Fe oxidation state, the Fe:ligand ratio, and the molecular weight distribution for heptagluconate (G7) and gluconate (G6) are considered as key factors for the efficacy of complexes as fertilizers. Complexes with different Fe:ligand ratios were prepared and analyzed by gel filtration chromatography (GFC). The ability of Fe:ligand ratios to provide Fe to tomato in hydroponics and soybean in calcareous soil was tested and compared with synthetic chelates (Fe 3+ :HBED and Fe 3+ :EDTA). RESULTS: G7 presented greater capacity to complex both Fe(II) and Fe(III) than G6, but the Fe(II) complexes exhibited poor stability at pH 9 and oxidation in solution.Gel filtration chromatography demonstrated the polynuclear nature of the Fe 3+ :G7 at various ratios. The effectiveness of the Fe fertilizers depend on the Fe 3+ :ligand ratio and the ligand type, the Fe 3+ :G7 (1:1 and 1:2) being the most effective. Fe 3+ :G7 (1:1) also presented a better response for the uptake of other micronutrients. CONCLUSION: Fe 3+ :G7 molar ratios have been shown to be critical for plant Fe uptake under hydroponic conditions and with calcareous soil. Thus, the Fe 3+ :G7 at equimolar ratio and 1:2 molar ratio can be an environmentally friendly alternative to less degradable synthetic chelates to correct Fe chlorosis in strategy I plants.

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“…Recently, it has been demonstrated that Fe complexed by HA extracted from Leonardite can serve as Fe source for plants (Colombo et al, 2012). Indeed, HA extracted from Leonardite can positively influence plants' metabolism (Cieschi et al, 2017), while Fe-HA complexes can reach the plasma membrane of root cells and then enter the cell (Kulikova et al, 2017). This observation was ascribed to the root capability of mobilizing Fe directly from ferrihydrite particles trapped in the niches of the poorly ordered crystalline Fe-Leonardite coprecipitates (Ková cs et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron oxide‐humic acid coprecipitates as iron source for cucumber plants

Iorio

Colombo

Angelico

et al. 2019

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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In soil, iron (Fe) solubility depends on complex interactions between Fe minerals and organic matter, but very little is known about plant availability of Fe present in Fe oxides associated with humic substances. For this purpose, this study investigates the effect of Fe mineral crystallinity in the presence of humic acids (HA) on Fe availability to plants. Four Fe–HA mineral coprecipitates were prepared, either in the presence or absence of oxygen, i.e., two goethite (G)‐HA samples containing large amounts of Fe as nanocrystalline goethite and ferrihydrite mixed phases, and two magnetite (M)‐HA samples containing crystalline magnetite. Bioavailability studies were conducted in hydroponic systems on cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) grown under Fe deficient conditions and supplied with the Fe–HA coprecipitates containing goethite or magnetite. Results showed that plants grown in the presence of Fe–HA coprecipitates exhibited a complete recovery from Fe deficiency, albeit less efficiently than plants resupplied with Fe‐chelate fertilizer used as control (Fe‐diethylene triamine penta acetic acid, Fe‐DTPA). However, the supply with either G‐ or M–HA coprecipitates produced different effects on plants: G–HA‐treated plants showed a higher Fe content in leaves, while M–HA‐treated plants displayed a higher leaf biomass and SPAD (Soil–Plant Analysis Development) index recovery, as compared to Fe‐DTPA. The distribution of macronutrients in the leaves, as imaged by micro X‐ray fluorescence (µXRF) spectroscopy, was different in G–HA and M–HA‐treated plants. In particular, plants supplied with the poorly crystalline G–HA coprecipitate with a lower Fe/HA ratio showed features more similar to those of fully recovered plants (supplied with Fe‐DTPA). These results highlight the importance of mineral crystallinity of Fe–HA coprecipitates on Fe bioavailability and Fe uptake in hydroponic experiments. In addition, the present data demonstrate that cucumber plants can efficiently mobilize Fe, even from goethite and ferrihydrite mixed phases and magnetite, which are usually considered unavailable for plant nutrition.

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Long-Term Effect of a Leonardite Iron Humate Improving Fe Nutrition As Revealed in Silico, in Vivo, and in Field Experiments

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Eco-Friendly Iron-Humic Nanofertilizers Synthesis for the Prevention of Iron Chlorosis in Soybean (Glycine max) Grown in Calcareous Soil

Eco-Friendly Iron-Humic Nanofertilizers Synthesis for the Prevention of Iron Chlorosis in Soybean (Glycine max) Grown in Calcareous Soil

Effect of Fe:ligand ratios on hydroponic conditions and calcareous soil in Solanum lycopersicum L. and Glycine max L. fertilized with heptagluconate and gluconate

Iron oxide‐humic acid coprecipitates as iron source for cucumber plants

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