Long‐term effects of colonization–extinction dynamics of generalist versus specialist wood‐decaying fungi

Moor, Helen; Nordén, Jenni; Penttilä, Reijo; Siitonen, Juha; Snäll, Tord

doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13526

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…According to our findings, the differences in fungal communities between both tree species affected rare fungal species because most of the dominant fungal taxa were common to both tree species. These rare species might be mainly specialists, i.e., tree species-specific, as demonstrated by Moor et al [74]. Such hypotheses highlight the existence of many rare species in deadwood [75,76] and the importance of tree species diversity to promote the global diversity of fungi in forest ecosystems [77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Successional Development of Fungal Communities Associated with Decomposing Deadwood in a Natural Mixed Temperate Forest

Lepinay

Jiráska

Tláskal

et al. 2021

JoF

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Deadwood represents an important carbon stock and contributes to climate change mitigation. Wood decomposition is mainly driven by fungal communities. Their composition is known to change during decomposition, but it is unclear how environmental factors such as wood chemistry affect these successional patterns through their effects on dominant fungal taxa. We analysed the deadwood of Fagus sylvatica and Abies alba across a deadwood succession series of >40 years in a natural fir-beech forest in the Czech Republic to describe the successional changes in fungal communities, fungal abundance and enzymatic activities and to link these changes to environmental variables. The fungal communities showed high levels of spatial variability and beta diversity. In young deadwood, fungal communities showed higher similarity among tree species, and fungi were generally less abundant, less diverse and less active than in older deadwood. pH and the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) were the best predictors of the fungal community composition, and they affected the abundance of half of the dominant fungal taxa. The relative abundance of most of the dominant taxa tended to increase with increasing pH or C/N, possibly indicating that acidification and atmospheric N deposition may shift the community composition towards species that are currently less dominant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Successional Development of Fungal Communities Associated with Decomposing Deadwood in a Natural Mixed Temperate Forest

Lepinay

Jiráska

Tláskal

et al. 2021

JoF

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“…However, due to the limited resources across space and time in most ecological niches and the presence of many (potential) competitors, fungal decomposers have evolved mechanisms to allow them successfully colonizing one to several substrates/ecological niches [ 7 ]. Those colonizing only one type of ecological niche are called ecological “specialists” while others capable of colonizing many types of ecological niches are called “generalists” [ 8 ]. There are many who are in-between the obligate specialists and broad generalists, including those that are primarily found in one ecological niche but are capable of surviving and growing in other niches [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those colonizing only one type of ecological niche are called ecological “specialists” while others capable of colonizing many types of ecological niches are called “generalists” [ 8 ]. There are many who are in-between the obligate specialists and broad generalists, including those that are primarily found in one ecological niche but are capable of surviving and growing in other niches [ 8 ]. Evidence for ecological specializations in fungi has been recorded since ancient times [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and Experimental Investigations of Auriscalpium and Strobilurus Fungi Reveal New Insights into Pinecone Decomposition

Wang

et al. 2021

JoF

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Saprophytic fungi (SPF) play vital roles in ecosystem dynamics and decomposition. However, because of the complexity of living systems, our understanding of how SPF interact with each other to decompose organic matter is very limited. Here we studied their roles and interactions in the decomposition of highly specialized substrates between the two genera Auriscalpium and Strobilurus fungi-colonized fallen pinecones of the same plant sequentially. We obtained the genome sequences from seven fungal species with three pairs: A. orientale-S. luchuensis, A. vulgare-S. stephanocystis and A. microsporum-S. pachcystidiatus/S. orientalis on cones of Pinus yunnanensis, P. sylvestris and P. armandii, respectively, and the organic profiles of substrate during decomposition. Our analyses revealed evidence for both competition and cooperation between the two groups of fungi during decomposition, enabling efficient utilization of substrates with complementary profiles of carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes). The Auriscalpium fungi are highly effective at utilizing the primary organic carbon, such as lignin, and hemicellulose in freshly fallen cones, facilitated the invasion and colonization by Strobilurus fungi. The Strobilurus fungi have genes coding for abundant CAZymes to utilize the remaining organic compounds and for producing an arsenal of secondary metabolites such as strobilurins that can inhibit other fungi from colonizing the pinecones.

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“…However, due to the limited resources across space and time in most ecological niches and the presence of many (potential) competitors, fungal decomposers have evolved mechanisms to allow them successfully colonizing one to several substrates/ecological niches (Boddy, 2000). Those colonizing only one type of ecological niche are called ecological "specialists" while others capable of colonizing many types of ecological niches are called "generalists" (Moor, Norden, Penttil, Siitonen, & Snll, 2020). There are many who are in-between the obligate specialists and broad generalists, including those that are primarily found in one ecological niche but are capable of surviving and growing in other niches (Moor et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those colonizing only one type of ecological niche are called ecological "specialists" while others capable of colonizing many types of ecological niches are called "generalists" (Moor, Norden, Penttil, Siitonen, & Snll, 2020). There are many who are in-between the obligate specialists and broad generalists, including those that are primarily found in one ecological niche but are capable of surviving and growing in other niches (Moor et al, 2020). Evidence for ecological specializations in fungi has been recorded since ancient times (Baldrian et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and Experimental Investigations of Auriscalpium and Strobilurus Fungi Reveal New Insights into Pinecone Decomposition

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Saprophytic fungi play vital roles in nutrient cycling and ecosystem dynamics. However, our understanding of how saprophytic fungi interact with each other to decompose organic matter is very limited. Here, we conducted field surveys of pinecone-colonizing/decomposing mushrooms, investigated the chemical compositions of decomposing pinecones, and analyzed seven new genomes of three pairs of mushrooms in the genera Auriscalpium and Strobilurus with substrate specificities. Each pair of mushrooms successively colonizes the pinecones of a different pine species: A. orientale-S. luchuensis on Pinus yunnanensis, A. vulgare-S. stephanocystis on Pinus sylvestris, and A. microsporum-S. pachcystidiatus/S. orientalis on Pinus armandii. Our analyses revealed evidence for both competition and cooperation between Auriscalpium and Strobilurus fungi during pinecone decomposition. Their successive colonization of the two fungi groups with complementary profiles of carbohydrate-active enzymes enabled efficient decomposition and utilization of pinecones. The Auriscalpium fungi are highly effective at utilizing the recalcitrant primary organic carbons such as lignin and hemicellulose in freshly fallen pinecones. The decomposition by Auriscalpium fungi enabled the successive colonization by Strobilurus fungi which can produce an arsenal of secondary metabolites such as strobilurins to inhibit other fungi and have abundant carbohydrate-active enzymes for effective utilization of the remaining organic compounds in pinecones.

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Long‐term effects of colonization–extinction dynamics of generalist versus specialist wood‐decaying fungi

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Cited by 19 publications

References 64 publications

Successional Development of Fungal Communities Associated with Decomposing Deadwood in a Natural Mixed Temperate Forest

Successional Development of Fungal Communities Associated with Decomposing Deadwood in a Natural Mixed Temperate Forest

Genomic and Experimental Investigations of Auriscalpium and Strobilurus Fungi Reveal New Insights into Pinecone Decomposition

Genomic and Experimental Investigations of Auriscalpium and Strobilurus Fungi Reveal New Insights into Pinecone Decomposition

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