Long-term effects of potassium fertilization and straw return on soil potassium levels and crop yields in north-central China

Zhao, Shicheng; He, Ping; Qiu, Shaojun; Liu, Jia; Liu, Mengchao; Jin, Jian; Johnston, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2014.09.017

Cited by 127 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…We found that the yields of both the wheat and maize crops in the DC system fertilized with either NPK, F I G U R E 9 Correlations between the annual soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rates and initial SOC stocks in each of the five fertilizer treatments (CK, control [unfertilized]; NP, mineral nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer; NPK, NP plus potassium; NP+S, NP plus straw; NPK+S, NPK plus straw) [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] NP+S, or NPK+S were greater than the yields of crops with NP fertilization and no fertilization (CK; Figure 2). Similarly, examining a wheat-maize rotation system, Zhao et al (2014) reported lower grain yield in NP treatments compared to NP treatments combined with K fertilizer or returned straw. That yield difference was associated mostly with the essential nutrients in the balanced chemical fertilizers and the returned straw compared to the insufficient nutrients in the NP and CK systems.…”

Section: Crop Rotation Systems Soc Stocks and Crop Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of long‐term straw return on soil organic carbon storage and sequestration rate in North China upland crops: A meta‐analysis

Berhane

Liang

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

211

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for soil fertility and climate change mitigation, and carbon can be sequestered in soil through proper soil management, including straw return. However, results of studies of long‐term straw return on SOC are contradictory and increasing SOC stocks in upland soils is challenging. This study of North China upland agricultural fields quantified the effects of several fertilizer and straw return treatments on SOC storage changes and crop yields, considering different cropping duration periods, soil types, and cropping systems to establish the relationships of SOC sequestration rates with initial SOC stocks and annual straw C inputs. Our meta‐analysis using long‐term field experiments showed that SOC stock responses to straw return were greater than that of mineral fertilizers alone. Black soils with higher initial SOC stocks also had lower SOC stock increases than did soils with lower initial SOC stocks (fluvo‐aquic and loessial soils) following applications of nitrogen‐phosphorous‐potassium (NPK) fertilizer and NPK+S (straw). Soil C stocks under the NPK and NPK+S treatments increased in the more‐than‐20‐year duration period, while significant SOC stock increases in the NP and NP+S treatment groups were limited to the 11‐ to 20‐year period. Annual crop productivity was higher in double‐cropped wheat and maize under all fertilization treatments, including control (no fertilization), than in the single‐crop systems (wheat or maize). Also, the annual soil sequestration rates and annual straw C inputs of the treatments with straw return (NP+S and NPK+S) were significantly positively related. Moreover, initial SOC stocks and SOC sequestration rates of those treatments were highly negatively correlated. Thus, long‐term straw return integrated with mineral fertilization in upland wheat and maize croplands leads to increased crop yields and SOC stocks. However, those effects of straw return are highly dependent on fertilizer management, cropping system, soil type, duration period, and the initial SOC content.

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Section: Crop Rotation Systems Soc Stocks and Crop Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of long‐term straw return on soil organic carbon storage and sequestration rate in North China upland crops: A meta‐analysis

Berhane

Liang

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

211

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“…The least K negative balance was observed in treatment T 6 (-281.3 kg ha -1 ). The extra K uptake under the NP fertilized treatment was probably either from the deeper subsoil or from the release of non-exchangeable K, which was one of the important K source for plants under the treatment applied with no K (Markgraf et al, 2012;Zhao et al, 2014).…”

Section: K Uptake and Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Integrated K Management on Productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Maize-Wheat Cropping System

Kumar¹,

Dhar²,

Yadav³

et al. 2018

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (June -October) and winter (November -March) seasons for two years during 2010-2012 at research farm of ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design consisting of seven treatments and three replication. Results revealed the integrated application of 90 kg K ha -1 supplemented through muriate of potash (MOP) @ 60 kg K and farmyard manure (FYM) @ 30 kg K resulted in highest grain yield of 4.93 t ha -1 and biological yield of 11.71 t ha -1 in maize. Similarly, highest grain yield of 5.44 t ha -1 and biological yield of 14.03 t ha -1 were observed in treatment applied with integrated dose of K @ 90 kg K ha -1 supplemented through MOP and FYM in wheat crop. The highest uptake of K was observed under treatment applied through 30 kg K through MOP + 30 kg K through FYM in both cropping cycles. Nutrient use efficiency of N, P and K increased by K application. In soil, decline was observed in different fractions of K irrespective of different applied K treatments. All the treatments where K was added showed a negative balance of K availability in soil. Application of 60 kg K ha -1 through MOP in both the season showed minimum negative K balance (-281.3 kg ha -1 ). Integrated K application @ 90 Kg K ha -1 resulted in highest exchangeable and nonexchangeable K in the soil for both seasons. To achieve a sustained yield level, nutrient use efficiency and soil fertility integrated K application @ 60 kg K ha -1 for the rainy season in maize and a dose of 60 kg K ha -1 through MOP alone in the winter season for wheat crop may be recommended.

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“…In general, rice crop utilized about 162 kg K for a yield of 7.8 t ha −1 , while only 15% of the K was transported to the grain (Che et al., 2016). These high levels of K in straw mean that retaining straw in fields will return a considerable amount of plant K to the soil, thus alleviating the apparent negative K balance in the soil (Buresh et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2017; Zhao et al., 2014). Consequently, increasing K fertilizer enhances rice yield and maintains available soil K reserves, but inappropriate K fertilization rates can lead to an excess of the K resource and even influence yield (Xue et al., 2016; Zörb, Senbayram, & Peiter, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and potassium uptake of rice as affected by potassium rate in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, China

Xue

Lü

et al. 2020

Agronomy Journal

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Yield and potassium uptake of rice as affected by potassium rate in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, China Abstract Potassium is an essential macroelement for rice (Oryza sativa L.), but K deficiency in paddy ecosystems has increased widely and limited sustainable rice production in China. Two-year field trials were conducted with five K levels (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg K 2 O ha -1 , designated as K0, K60, K120, K180, and K240) in Qichun county, Hubei Province, to investigate grain yield, K uptake characteristics, and K use efficiencies of rice. The results showed that application of K increased rice yield by 9.8-29.3%, compared to K0. No significant differences were observed in rice yield among the K120, K180, and K240 treatments. The K uptake in aboveground biomass increased linearly with the K rate, while K harvest index decreased. As K uptake increased, rice yield increased linearly at first and then stabilized, showing the phenomenon of luxury consumption of K. The growth period for fast K uptake in different rice varieties and K levels was 29-67 d after transplanting, and sufficient nutrient supply is needed to ensure the increase of rice yield and growth during this period. Internal use efficiency (IUE), agronomic efficiency (AE), and physiological efficiency (PE) declined as the application rate of K increased. These results indicated that absorption and utilization of K in rice were affected by the K supply rates, and that luxury consumption occurred when K application was excessive. The luxury consumption of K by rice was mainly stored in straw.Abbreviations: AE, agronomic efficiency; F1, Fengliangyouxiang no. 1; H3, Hua'an no. 3; IUE, internal use efficiency; KHI, K harvest index; L6326, Liangyou 6326; PE, physiological efficiency; RIE, reciprocal internal efficiency; t 1 , the beginning peak period; t 2 , peak period; t 3 , the end peak period; v m , the maximum uptake rate of potassium; Y6, Yangliangyou no. 6; Δt, the time of potassium rapid accumulation lasted.

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Long-term effects of potassium fertilization and straw return on soil potassium levels and crop yields in north-central China

Cited by 127 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of long‐term straw return on soil organic carbon storage and sequestration rate in North China upland crops: A meta‐analysis

Effects of long‐term straw return on soil organic carbon storage and sequestration rate in North China upland crops: A meta‐analysis

Effect of Integrated K Management on Productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Maize-Wheat Cropping System

Yield and potassium uptake of rice as affected by potassium rate in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, China

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