“…Although they can show physiological flexibility during heatwaves in the wild (Cooper, Hurley, Deviche, & Griffith, 2020), zebra finches are subject to multiple fitness consequences from extreme heat events. Namely, at high temperatures close to or above the upper critical temperature of TNZ, zebra finches experience a reduction in sperm quality (Hurley et al, 2018), forage less often and are less social (Funghi et al, 2019), change their egg morphology (Hoffman et al, 2021), and sing more to their embryos, which changes how nestlings grow and behave (Katsis et al, 2021; Mariette & Buchanan, 2016; Pessato et al, 2020). Importantly, domesticated zebra finches do not differ from wild birds in their thermal physiology (Calder, 1964; Marschall & Prinzinger, 1991), making them an excellent model for understanding responses to thermal challenges.…”