Long-term effects of ungulate browsing on forest composition and structure

Didion, Markus; Kupferschmid, Andrea D.; Bugmann, Harald

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.06.006

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In our study, we revised ForClim model version 2.9.5 (Didion 2009;Didion et al 2009a) by refining the relationship between browsing pressure and browsing-induced mortality. This resulted in the new model version 2.9.6 (for a detailed description see Appendix I and III in Didion 2009).…”

Section: Gap Model Forclimmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding is not surprising, as it is based on a non-linear function in the model (Fig. 1), but it still corroborates results from other studies that changes in browsing can result in non-linear effects in forest attributes (e.g., Didion et al 2009a;Kienast et al 1999).…”

Section: Effect Of Changes In Browsingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus we conclude that the impact of changes in browsing intensity on species composition cannot be extrapolated from one region to others but must rather be evaluated on a regional basis (cf. Didion et al 2009a).…”

Section: Effect Of Changes In Browsingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ungulate herbivory modifies the effects of climate change on mountain forests

et al. 2011

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Recent temperature observations suggest a general warming trend that may be causing the range of tree species to shift to higher latitudes and altitudes. Since biotic interactions such as herbivory can change tree species composition, it is important to understand their contribution to vegetation changes triggered by climate change. To investigate the response of forests to climate change and herbivory by wild ungulates, we used the forest gap model ForClim v2.9.6 and simulated forest development in three climatically different valleys in the Swiss Alps. We used altitudinal transects on contrasting slopes covering a wide range of forest types from the cold (upper) to the dry (lower) treeline. This allowed us to investigate (1) altitudinal range shifts in response to climate change, (2) the consequences for tree species composition, and (3) the combined effect of climate change and ungulate herbivory. We found that ungulate herbivory changed species composition and that both basal area and stem numbers decreased with increasing herbivory intensity. Tree species responded differently to the change in climate, and their ranges did not change concurrently, thus causing a succession to new stand types. While climate change partially compensated for the reductions in basal area caused by ungulate herbivory, the combined effect of these two agents on the mix of the dominant species and forest type was non-compensatory, as browsing selectively excluded species from establishing or reaching dominance and altered competition patterns, particularly for light. We conclude that there is an urgent need for adaptive forest management strategies that address the joint effects of climate change and ungulate herbivory.

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Section: Gap Model Forclimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Changes In Browsingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ungulate herbivory modifies the effects of climate change on mountain forests

et al. 2011

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“…Abschnitt 5.4). Da Rehwild bei nur mäßig gesteigerter Bejagung den verfügbaren Lebensraum bis zur Tragfähig-keitsgrenze auffüllt (Ellenberg 1979), gehen Oheimb et al (1999) (Didion et al 2009). Im Folgenden werden wichtige Merkmale für die genannten Arten zusammengefasst.…”

Section: Schalenwilddichteunclassified

Der Wald-Wild-Konflikt

Ammer¹,

Vor²,

Knoke³

et al. 2010

Göttinger Forstwissenschaften

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“…Eiberle and Bucher (1989) and Didion et al (2009) describe it for Switzerland, Gill (1992) for north temperate forests, Ammer (1996) for Southern Germany, Horsley et al (2003) and Long et al (2007) for the northern hardwoods of the USA, Tremblay et al (2007) for boreal forests and Pellerin et al (2010) for France. Adapted game densities can clearly help to keep the damage to forests at an acceptable level (Putman, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial consequences of losing admixed tree species: A new approach to value increased financial risks by ungulate browsing

Clasen

Griess

Knoke

2011

Forest Policy and Economics

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The influence of ungulates on the growth of young trees is amply discussed in forestry literature, particularly game browsing. Although there are a few appraisal methods that consider negative long-term influences on forest regeneration, hitherto no approach has addressed the financial consequences of lost admixed tree species. A homogenised species composition may lead to an increased financial risk of a forest. Based on financial return and risk ratios of mixed forests, this paper derives the financial compensation that would be necessary to make acceptable the increased risk of pure forest for forest owners. In this conceptual case study we consider a two-species mixed forest (Norway spruce, Picea abies

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Long-term effects of ungulate browsing on forest composition and structure

Cited by 70 publications

References 52 publications

Ungulate herbivory modifies the effects of climate change on mountain forests

Ungulate herbivory modifies the effects of climate change on mountain forests

Der Wald-Wild-Konflikt

Financial consequences of losing admixed tree species: A new approach to value increased financial risks by ungulate browsing

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