Long-term evaluation of growth and yield of Stanley and Cacanska lepotica plum cultivars on selected rootstocks

Abstract

Mészáros M., Kosina J., LaňarL., Náměstek J. (2015): Long-term evaluation of growth and yield of Stanley and Cacanska lepotica plum cultivars on selected rootstocks. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 42: 22-28.During 1992-2012, trunk cross-section area (TCSA), cumulative yield, yield efficiency and suckering of plum cultivars Stanley and Cacanska lepotica in combinations with vegetative rootstocks Myrobalan SE 4043, Myrobalan SE 4044, MY-KL-A, GF 655/2, GF 43, Damas C SE 4045, Pixy, St. Julien A and generative rootstock Myrobalan seedling were evaluated. The results indicated significant differencies of the characteristics between the evaluated cultivar/rootstock combinations for each cultivar. The long-term experience indicates that the evaluated characteristics of the trees on different rootstocks can significantly change during the ontogenetical developement in the orchard. This is demonstrated by the difference in the entering into the bearing stage, different abudance of the yields, the time of reaching of maximum yields and also in changes of growth intensity. For detailed description of the rootstock characteristics long-term trials are required. For cv. Stanley, Myrobalan SE 4043 is the best rootstock for long-term orchards and St. Julien A for orchards with a higher replanting rate. For cv. Cacanska lepotica, Myrobalan SE 4043 seems to be the best rootstock.Keywords: ontogenesis; stage; productivity; TCSA; bearing; suckering Plum is one of the traditional fruit crops grown in the Czech Republic. For good performance in the orchards, the rootstock has an important influence on the scion cultivar. The most frequently used rootstock in Czech Republic is still the myrobalan seedling. With the increased need for intensification of fruit production, several rootstock trials have already been established and evaluated in central Europe (Hrotkó et al. 1998;Kosina 1998Kosina , 2007Sosna 2002;Sitarek et al. 2007) in order to find more productive scion-rootstock combinations. Authors in these publications presented results of the influence of new rootstocks, described by Hrotkó et al. (1998), Jakob (1992, Hartmann (1995), andWebster (1997), on selected plum cultivars, nevertheless most of them are results from young orchards, which just enter the productive stage. It is interesting to supplement this information with long-term results.Experience from international rootstock trials shows that the performance of a rootstock in combination with the cultivar may change in different agroclimatic conditions (Hartmann et al. 2007). That is the main reason to test the same rootstocks in different regions of Europe and of the world. However, the question is, if the rootstock with the cultivar retains qualities in growth and bearing throughout the ontogeny

Horticultural, leaf mineral and fruit quality traits of two ‘Greengage’ plum cultivars budded on plum based rootstocks in Mediterranean conditions

“…Worldwide information related to the rootstock influence on vigor, graft-compatibility, leaf mineral content and yield characteristics of plum tree is well known (Butac et al, 2015;Ferlito et al, 2015;Hartmann et al, 2007;Meland and FrØynes, 2006;Mészáros et al, 2015;Moreno et al, 1995;Pedersen, 2010;Sosna, 2002;Sottile et al, 2012).…”

The influence of rootstocks on the growth, yield and fruit quality of the plum cultivar Cacanska rana

“…Korišćenjem vegetativnih podloga slabije bujnosti može se povećati gustina sadnje, kao i prinos po jedinici površine, te omogućiti lakša primena pomotehničkih mera kao što su rezidba i berba. U poslednjih dvadeset godina objavljeni su brojni rezultati istraživanja uticaja vegetativnih podloga na smanjenje bujnosti i povećanje prinosa sorti šljive po jedinici površine (Botu et al, 2002;Kosina, 2004;Sitarek et al, 2004;Meland, 2010;Blažek i Pištěková, 2012;Mészáros et al, 2015). Nove vegetativne podloge u kombinaciji sa uzgojnim oblikom mogu poslužiti kao osnova za podizanje savremenih zasada šljive sa većom gustinom sklopa (Magyar i Hrotkó, 2006).…”

Productivity and tree performance of new plum cultivars from the Czech Republic

“…Based on a recent rootstock study from Holovousy, 20-year-old trees of 'Čačanska lepotica' on Pixy rootstock had a trunk cross-sectional area about 21.9% smaller than trees of 'Stanley' , but yield efficiency was 18.5% higher (Mészáros et al 2015). The lower tree vigour of 'Čačanska lepotica' has also been reported from Serbia (Milosevic, Milosevic 2011).…”