Long‐Term Evolution of Particulate Nitrate Pollution in North China: Isotopic Evidence From 10 Offshore Cruises in the Bohai Sea From 2014 to 2019

Zong, Zheng; Tian, Chongguo; Sun, Zeyu; Tan, Yinling; Shi, Yajun; Liu, Xiaohuan; Fang, Yunting; Chen, Yingjun; Ma, Yuhao; Gao, Huiwang; Zhang, Gan; Wang, Tao

doi:10.1029/2022jd036567

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…According Fan et al, 2020) and the primary source of the Bohai Sea nitrate aerosols (57% ± 11%; Zong et al, 2022). This meant that coal burning preferred to have the greatest impact on d 15 N-NO 3 − difference between summer and winter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along the marginal seas of China, the nitrate aerosol concentration decreases from the Bohai Sea to the South China Sea, with the aerosol nitrate concentrations of 6.0 ± 3.4 and 6.6 ± 2.7 mg•m −3 , respectively, in the Bohai Sea, and the boundary between the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea were (Zong et al, 2017;Zong et al, 2022) and as low as 0.5 ± 0.2 mg•m −3 in the South China Sea (Xiao et al, 2015). The variation of aerosol d 15 N-NO 3 − is opposite to that of d 18 O-NO 3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coal combustion was the main source of aerosol nitrate in the South China Sea in cold months (October to January), whereas biomass burning, animal manure, and soil emission were the main sources of aerosol nitrate in the South China Sea in warm months (May to August) by comparison with the source values (Xiao et al, 2015). Coal combustion was also the main source of annual aerosol nitrate at the junction of the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea (36% ± 7%; Zong et al, 2017) and in the Bohai Sea (46% ± 16%; Zong et al, 2022). The less important contributors to aerosol nitrate were biomass burning, vehicle emission, and soil emission.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Nitrate production in the winter equatorial Pacific atmosphere was dominated by •OH oxidation, and the portion ranged from 58% to 63% (Carter et al, 2021), which is comparable to the portion of •OH path for aerosol nitrate in summer Bohai Sea (Zong et al, 2022). However, the portion of •OH path for aerosol nitrate declined by 27% in the winter Bohai Sea (Zong et al, 2022). Therefore, it is necessary to discern the seasonal variation of nitrate formation path of Qianliyan.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As for formation pathways of nitrate, estimation has been done that •OH oxidation and N 2 O 5 hydrolysis paths contribute 41%-42% and 28%-41%, respectively, of total aerosol nitrate at a global scale (Alexander et al, 2020). Nitrate production in the winter equatorial Pacific atmosphere was dominated by •OH oxidation, and the portion ranged from 58% to 63% (Carter et al, 2021), which is comparable to the portion of •OH path for aerosol nitrate in summer Bohai Sea (Zong et al, 2022). However, the portion of •OH path for aerosol nitrate declined by 27% in the winter Bohai Sea (Zong et al, 2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Isotopic components and source analysis of inorganic nitrogen in coastal aerosols of the Yellow Sea

Zhang

Liu²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The coastal atmospheric environment is one of the most complex environments on earth. It is shaped by terrestrial, marine, and atmospheric processes and acts as an external nutrient source for coastal waters. At present, there are few observations of inorganic nitrogen isotopes of China coastal aerosols, let alone the Yellow Sea. In this study, a weekly collection of total suspended particulate aerosols was conducted on the Qianliyan Island in 2018 for the measurements of inorganic nitrogen species (NO3− and NH4+) and their isotopic ratios (δ15N-NO3−, δ18O-NO3−, and δ15N-NH4+). At the Qianliyan Island, the average NO3− and NH4+ concentrations were 2.49 ± 2.12 and 3.33 ± 2.68 μg·m−3, respectively; the average δ15N-NO3−, δ18O-NO3−, and δ15N-NH4+ were 2.4‰ ± 5.7‰, 78.7‰ ± 8.0‰, and −2.6‰ ± 6.3‰, respectively. The major nitrate formation pathways were •OH oxidation and N2O5 hydrolysis paths, and the dominant sources of inorganic nitrogen aerosols were coal combustion (29% ± 7%), marine (19% ± 15%), and fertilizer (16% ± 13%). Aerosol δ15N-NO3− and δ18O-NO3− were obviously higher in winter and lower in summer; conversely, aerosol δ15N-NH4+ was slightly higher in summer and slightly lower in winter. The difference in nitrogen sources was considered to be the best explanation for the aerosol δ15N-NO3− and δ15N-NH4+ differences between summer and winter, of which coal combustion contributed the most. The seasonal difference in nitrate formation paths was considered to be the best explanation for the difference of Qianliyan aerosol nitrate δ18O-NO3− between summer and winter. Aerosol inorganic nitrogen deposition flux was estimated to be 3.4 nmol N·m−2·s−1, which induced less than 1% to marine primary production, and aerosol inorganic nitrogen deposition, compared with N2 fixation, contributed some 80% of δ15N-NO3− depression of the summer Yellow Sea thermocline.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%