Long-term exposure to a hypomagnetic field attenuates adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition

Zhang, Bingfang; Wang, Lei; Zhan, Aisheng; Wang, Min; Tian, Lanxiang; Guo, Weixiang; Pan, Yongxin

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21468-x

Cited by 66 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…On the other hand, HMF‐treated neuroblastoma cells are rounder and exhibit a reduction in cell process numbers and the amount of F‐actins, resulting in reduced cellular adhesion capacity and motility [Mo et al, 2016]. However, a recent study found that HMF exposure decreases NSC proliferation in the dentate gyrus of adult mice, which contradicts the aforementioned proliferative effects [Zhang et al, 2021]. A possible explanation could be differences in the age of the experimental animals or the different intensities of the HMF.…”

Section: The Biological Effects Of Hmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitochondria play a predominant role in generating ROS and aerobic metabolism, which are also affected by HMF. On the one hand, HMF decreases ROS levels in many cancer cell lines and neurocytes, accompanied by suppressive or proliferative effects on cell growth and survival [Martino et al, 2010; Zhang et al, 2021], but increases cellular ROS levels in mouse skeletal muscle cells. Notably, cosmic radiation causes the accumulation of ROS, and the combined effects of HMF and radiation on ROS is an issue to be further studied.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Hmf Biological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes could engender further development, such as impairing early embryonic development and cognitive functions. However, in these studies, it is uncertain whether the abnormal distribution of the cytoskeleton is caused by HMF or other HMF‐induced changes (hypothetically speaking, ROS [Zhang et al, 2021]).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Hmf Biological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the effects of magnetic fields on organisms are universal. In particular, species that do not possess specific magnetoreceptors can also respond to magnetic field changes due to their magnetic‐dependent characteristics [Sarimov et al, 2009; Mo et al, 2012; Binhi and Prato, 2017a; Zhang et al, 2021]. In summary, the GMF is essential for maintaining normal physiological activities of life, and its elimination has a potential impact on organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Effects of Hypomagnetic Field: Ground‐Based Data for Space Exploration

Zhang

Xue

Yang

et al. 2021

Bioelectromagnetics

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The future of mankind is tied to the exploration and eventual colonization of space. Currently, people have resided in orbit at a space station. In the future, we will have opportunities to stay on the moon, Mars, or in deeper space, where astronauts are exposed to the hypomagnetic field (HMF), which refers to an extremely weak magnetic field environment compared with the geomagnetic field. However, the potential risks of HMF exposure to human health are often overlooked. Here, we summarize the literature related to the biological effects of HMF and calculate the magnitude of the effect. Briefly, HMF impairs multiple animal systems, especially in the central nervous system. Additionally, HMF is a stress factor in plant growth and reproduction. Finally, HMF combined with other space environments, such as radiation and microgravity, can affect organisms. Further studies are required to explore (i) countermeasures to the adverse effects of HMF, (ii) combined effects of HMF with other factors, and (iii) the intensity‐effect relationship. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.

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Section: The Biological Effects Of Hmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Hmf Biological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Hmf Biological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Effects of Hypomagnetic Field: Ground‐Based Data for Space Exploration

Zhang

Xue

Yang

et al. 2021

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…后几乎检测不到 [25] ，但同时也有研究结果表明在衰老过程中可以检测到海马神经发生水平的下降 [22] 。关于人类海马是否存在神经发生还没有定论，还需要进一步证实。而在啮齿动物中普遍存在成体海马神经发生，一方面，成体海马神经发生与学习记忆等生理功能密切相关，多表现为增强学习记忆 [26][27][28][29][30] ；另一方面，成体海马神经发生在多种神经系统疾病中表现出新生水平异常，如重度抑郁、焦虑、神经退行性疾病和癫痫 [17,[31][32][33][34][35][36] 等，提示成体海马神经发生可能参与这些疾病的病理机制。近年来，随着研究手段的发展，研究表明调节成体海马神经发生水平不仅可以对癫痫产生影响，还可以改善癫痫伴随的症状，提示成体海马神经发生可能作为新的干预靶点，参与癫痫及其共患病的发展 [37][38][39][40] [18,43,44] 。在 Pilo 诱导 SE 的大鼠模型中，Parent 等使用了胸腺嘧啶核苷类似物(BrdU， [43] 。同样地，大鼠杏仁核电点燃的结果表示，大鼠在经过 9 次及以上的电点燃大发作后，其细胞增殖水平增加了 2-3 倍 [44] 。此外，临床颞叶癫痫患者的海马标记染色也证实了成体新生神经元的增加 [45] 。与初始 SE 阶段不同的是，后续慢性期不同阶段的成体神经新生水平截然相反。研究发现，在急性癫痫发作期，成体神经新生水平表现为一过性的增加，在癫痫发作后期成体神经发生逐渐降低至基础值，甚至在损伤后一个月左右低于基础水平 [18,46,47] 。Hattiangady 等人使用双皮 (KA 注射 5 个月后)成体新生神经元数量与同龄对照组相比降低了 64% [46] 。同样，Heinrich 等人也发现小鼠在经历过初始癫痫发作后，成体神经新生水平会在 KA 注射 7 天后逐渐下降并且在 4 周后低于基础水平，在 6 周后的成体海马神经发生水平甚至降低到基础水平的 20%左右 [47] 。此外，研究者们在观察 SE 后新生乳鼠的神经新生水平时，得到了与成年动物完全相反的结果。与成年动物在致痫性损伤后神经发生水平呈现一过性增加相反的是，在 SE 后的急性期新生乳鼠的新生神经水平表现出明显下降，而在 SE 后 2 个月的慢性期表现出轻微的增加 [48,49]…”

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The role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in epilepsy and comorbidities

Xu¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Sci. Sin.-Vitae

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Epilepsy is a clinically common chronic brain disorder, characterized by recurrent seizures. More than 50% patients with epilepsy suffered from depression, anxiety, migraine, or sleep disturbances. Anti-epileptic drugs are the first-choice treatment to control seizures in clinical practice but with some problems, e.g., high ratio of intractable epilepsy, serious side effects, little effect on epileptogenesis and the comorbidities of epilepsy. Thus, progress towards understanding the mechanisms of epileptogenesis is critical for developing better therapies to prevent epilepsy. Cumulative evidence indicates that the adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be involved in epileptogenesis, because pathological changes of adult hippocampal neurogenesis occur in epileptic brain, and the regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis affects epilepsy. Meanwhile, adult hippocampal neurogenesis is also implicated in cognitive deficits, depression, anxiety and other comorbidities of epilepsy, suggesting the significance of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in treating epilepsy and its comorbidities. In this article, we reviewed the pathological changes of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the epileptic brain, the functional relevance of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in epileptogenesis through different interventions, and the potential association between adult hippocampal neurogenesis and comorbidities of epilepsy. It provides perspectives for the future research on mechanisms and treatment strategies of epilepsy.

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Hypomagnetic Field Exposure Affecting Gut Microbiota, Reactive Oxygen Species Levels, and Colonic Cell Proliferation in Mice

Zhan

Luo

Qin

et al. 2022

Bioelectromagnetics

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The gut microbiota has been considered one of the key factors in host health, which is influenced by many environmental factors. The geomagnetic field (GMF) represents one of the important environmental conditions for living organisms. Previous studies have shown that the elimination of GMF, the so-called hypomagnetic field (HMF), could affect the physiological functions and resistance to antibiotics of some microorganisms. However, whether long-term HMF exposure could alter the gut microbiota to some extent in mammals remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of long-term (8-and 12-week) HMF exposure on the gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice. Our results clearly showed that 8-week HMF significantly affected the diversity and function of the mouse gut microbiota. Compared with the GMF group, the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids tended to decrease in the HMF group. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that HMF promoted colonic cell proliferation, concomitant with an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To our knowledge, this is the first in vivo finding that long-term HMF exposure could affect the mouse gut microbiota, ROS levels, and colonic cell proliferation in the colon. Moreover, the changes in gut microbiota can be restored by returning mice to the GMF environment, thus the possible harm to the microbiota caused by HMF exposure can be alleviated. Bioelectromagnetics. 43:462-475, 2022.

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Long-term exposure to a hypomagnetic field attenuates adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition

Cited by 66 publications

References 63 publications

Biological Effects of Hypomagnetic Field: Ground‐Based Data for Space Exploration

Biological Effects of Hypomagnetic Field: Ground‐Based Data for Space Exploration

The role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in epilepsy and comorbidities

Hypomagnetic Field Exposure Affecting Gut Microbiota, Reactive Oxygen Species Levels, and Colonic Cell Proliferation in Mice

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