Long-term exposure to polycyclic musk tonalide - A potential threat to juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio)?

Abstract

Polycyclic musk compounds are commonly used in personal care products to replace expensive natural fragrances. Due to their huge consumption, they have become a part of the aquatic environment. In the present study, a two-month exposure effect of tonalide on juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) was investigated. We determined the vitellogenin concentration to define the potential endocrine-disrupting effect of tonalide and also analysed selected indices to evaluate the induction of oxidative stress. The environmentally relevant concentration of tonalide (i.e., 500 ng/l) caused a significant decrease in the catalase activity (P < 0.05) and a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the lipid peroxidation. An increasing lipid peroxidation was also recorded for the highest concentration group tested (i.e., 50 000 ng/l). On the other hand, no significant changes were recorded in vitellogenin in all the exposed groups. Thus, based on these results, we have not demonstrated the endocrine-disrupting activity of tonalide in zebrafish. The results of the oxidative stress indices showed a significant impairment of the antioxidant defence after the two-month tonalide exposure, which could indicate part of the adaptive response to the tonalide toxicity.

Effects of cooking methods and co-ingested foods on mercury bioaccessibility in pontic shad (Alosa immaculata)

“…Nevertheless, consuming fish may expose people to heavy metals ( Merola et al, 2021 ; Shahjahan et al, 2022 ; Shiry et al, 2021 ). Fish have the potential to accumulate heavy metals in their tissues at increased doses than the environment due to absorption along the gill surface, kidney, liver, and gastrointestinal tract wall ( Cahova et al, 2023 ; Filice et al, 2023 ; Impellitteri et al, 2023 ; Pradhoshini et al, 2023 ; Saha et al, 2023 ). Some dangerous heavy metals are not metabolized by the fish body and build up in the soft tissues, where they are amplified by the biomagnification process ( Tahity et al, 2022 ).…”