Long-term follow-up of a juvenile simple renal cyst in a dog treated by laparoscopic deroofing, fulguration, and omentalization

Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION A 10-month-old male crossbred dog presented with a 4-week history of polyuria and polydipsia and a 6-month history of vomiting. CLINICAL FINDINGS Clinical examination revealed abdominal pain and right-sided nephromegaly. Biochemistry was within normal limits. Diagnostic imaging showed a well-defined, unilateral renal mass containing anechoic fluid consistent with a simple renal cyst (SRC). TREATMENT AND OUTCOME The cyst was drained under ultrasonographic guidance but recurred 3 months later, concomitant with recurrence of the previously reported clinical signs. The cyst was then deroofed, fulgurated, and omentalized under laparoscopy by use of a 3-port technique. The resected cystic wall was histopathologically consistent with an SRC, presumptively congenital. The dog showed a good recovery with resolution of clinical signs. Renal function was normal at last follow-up, conducted 2 years postoperatively, without evidence of recurrent disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE To our knowledge, this was the first report of a symptomatic juvenile SRC of presumptively congenital origin in a dog treated successfully by laparoscopic deroofing, fulguration, and omentalization. The polyuria, polydipsia, chronic vomiting, and abdominal pain may all have been related to space-occupying effects of the cyst, as these symptoms resolved post-treatment. Results of long-term follow-up advocate for this durable cure of SRC by use of laparoscopic procedures, especially when compared to simple drainage of the cyst, as the latter initially failed in the present case.

Untitled

“…One such recent study was conducted by B. Dekerle et al (2022), analysing data from a 10-month-old dog the sonography of which accurately determined the location of a cyst in the in animals with polycystic kidney disease. Thus, special techniques of sonography and surgical treatment of kidney cysts include dopplerography, colour dopplerography, 3D and 4D sonography, elastography, introperative sonography, intraperitoneal sonography, and duplex scanning of renal arteries and veins.…”

“…The studies of N.J. Patel et al (2020) and B. Dekerle et al (2022) indicate that abdominal surgery for polycystic kidney disease in animals can include several stages: preparation of the animal for the operation: keeping it on a starvation diet for 12-24 hours before the operation, improving the level of hygiene and additional studies, such as clinical blood tests and sonography; anaesthesia of the animal: before the operation, the animal is subjected to anaesthesia, which ensures a painless condition during its implementation and helps to reduce the risk of complications. Instruments and tools are also prepared for the operation, as various methods can be applied to the operation, such as sterilisation of the operating area and preparation of proper equipment for its implementation.…”

Характер Абдомінальної Операції При Полікістозі Нирок У Тварин Та Роль Показників Сонографічного Дослідження На Різних Етапах Хірургічного Втручання

“…Це становить виклик для ветеринарів і вимагає розробки ефективних методів лікування та діагностики. Важливість проблеми полягає в тому, що полікістоз нирок може призвести до розвитку ниркової недостатності та інших серйозних ускладнень [2,5,9].…”

“…Більшість досліджень на тему полікістозу нирок у тварин зосереджена на використанні сонографії для діагностики та моніторингу за станом нирок під час лікування. Деякі з досліджень зосереджуються на аналізі результатів застосування сонографії та її впливу на результати операції, інші дослідження досліджують ефективність мініінвазивних хірургічних методів лікування полікістозу нирок у тварин [11,8,9,11,28].…”

The nature of abdominal surgery for polycystic kidney disease in animals and the role of sonographic indicators at different stages of surgical intervention: A literature review

“…One such recent study was conducted by B. Dekerle et al (2022), analysing data from a 10-month-old dog the sonography of which accurately determined the location of a cyst in the kidney. Subsequently, the cyst was drained by ultrasound monitoring, performed before and during surgery.…”