Long-term forest soil acidification, nutrient leaching and vegetation development: Linking modelling and surveys of a primeval spruce forest in the Ukrainian Transcarpathian Mts.

Hruška, Jakub; Oulehle, Filip; Šamonil, Pavel; Šebesta, Jan; Tahovská, Karolina; Hleb, Ruslan; Houška, Jakub; Šikl, Jaromír

doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.06.025

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Air pollution can influence trees via several pathways, i.e., directly through foliage or indirectly through the soil. Soil acidification decreases soil nutrient availability and often mobilizes aluminum, which is toxic to plants and can obstruct nutrient uptake ( Jentschke et al, 2001 ; Hruška et al, 2012 ). Our biomass increment-climate correlation analysis does not support the hypothesis that possible root weakness caused water stress in our study site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition have a fertilizing effect on plants ( Meng et al, 1994 ; Högberg et al, 2006 ), while increased levels of deposition can acidify soils causing soil nutrient depletion and toxic aluminium (Al 3+ ) mobilization that can weaken the tree root system and cause nutrient deficiency or water stress ( Jentschke et al, 2001 ; Hruška et al, 2012 ). High levels of deposition directly damage foliage by entering the intercellular space through the stomata and decrease photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance ( Meng et al, 1994 ) and alter plant water use efficiency ( Thomas et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complex Physiological Response of Norway Spruce to Atmospheric Pollution – Decreased Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Unchanged Tree Biomass Increment

et al. 2016

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Atmospheric pollution critically affects forest ecosystems around the world by directly impacting the assimilation apparatus of trees and indirectly by altering soil conditions, which subsequently also leads to changes in carbon cycling. To evaluate the extent of the physiological effect of moderate level sulfate and reactive nitrogen acidic deposition, we performed a retrospective dendrochronological analysis of several physiological parameters derived from periodic measurements of carbon stable isotope composition (13C discrimination, intercellular CO2 concentration and intrinsic water use efficiency) and annual diameter increments (tree biomass increment, its inter-annual variability and correlation with temperature, cloud cover, precipitation and Palmer drought severity index). The analysis was performed in two mountain Norway spruce (Picea abies) stands of the Bohemian Forest (Czech Republic, central Europe), where moderate levels of pollution peaked in the 1970s and 1980s and no evident impact on tree growth or link to mortality has been reported. The significant influence of pollution on trees was expressed most sensitively by a 1.88‰ reduction of carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C). The effects of atmospheric pollution interacted with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature. As a result, we observed no change in intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci), an abrupt increase in water use efficiency (iWUE) and no change in biomass increment, which could also partly result from changes in carbon partitioning (e.g., from below- to above-ground). The biomass increment was significantly related to Δ13C on an individual tree level, but the relationship was lost during the pollution period. We suggest that this was caused by a shift from the dominant influence of the photosynthetic rate to stomatal conductance on Δ13C during the pollution period. Using biomass increment-climate correlation analyses, we did not identify any clear pollution-related change in water stress or photosynthetic limitation (since biomass increment did not become more sensitive to drought/precipitation or temperature/cloud cover, respectively). Therefore, we conclude that the direct effect of moderate pollution on stomatal conductance was likely the main driver of the observed physiological changes. This mechanism probably caused weakening of the spruce trees and increased sensitivity to other stressors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Physiological Response of Norway Spruce to Atmospheric Pollution – Decreased Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Unchanged Tree Biomass Increment

et al. 2016

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“…Inorganic chlorine (chloride; Cl -) has been seen as an inexpensive and suitable tracer of soil and ground water solution movements (Herczeg and Leaney 2011;Hruškaa et al 2012) and studies using Cl -as a water tracer has been a foundation for contaminant transport models (e.g. Kirchner et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of previous nitrogen addition on chlorine in forest soil, soil solution and biomass

et al. 2013

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There is increasing evidence that forests and forest soil contribute to the signature of chlorine composition in water bodies. However, little is known about the potential effects of land management activities on chlorine biogeochemistry. This study examines the effects of previous nitrogen addition on chlorine chemistry in a Pinus sylvestris L. forest located in south-central Sweden (60°00′N, 13°43′E). Repeated addition of nitrogen to study plots over a 20-year period resulted in total additions of 0, 450 and 900 kg N ha−1. Soil samples were collected before harvesting, and soil solution and biomass were sampled following final felling. Contrary to previous findings, we found no clear evidence that previous addition of nitrogen had hampered the formation of organic chlorine in the organic soil layer. We suggest that the effects of nitrogen addition on chlorination processes are not seen in the surface soil, but are instead manifested in the migration of organic matter in the mineral soil. Soil organic matter from the E-horizon had a lower chlorination degree in the nitrogen-amended plots than in the control plots. In addition, we observed lower Cl− levels in the seedling needles following high nitrogen fertilization (900 N) than in 450 N or control. These results add on the importance of studying chlorine dynamics with focus on what chlorinated soil organic matter can be resistant to degradation compared to average soil organic matter and what can be leached as a result of harvesting and available for vegetation

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“…The outcome is soil acidification, leaching and eventual depletion of soil Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ , and increases in soil levels of toxic Al 3+ . This leaching induced acidification is supported by many independent studies including N addition studies in many forest types Wallace et al, 2007), long-term soil data in areas receiving different levels of acidic deposition , and modeling studies Hruska et al, 2012). Additionally, the Ca to Al ratios in soil and foliage have been suggested to be an especially sensitive variable for detecting any negative effects of N deposition induced leaching and acidification .…”

Section: Nitrogen Saturation and Soil Acidification And May Constrainmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…One expected result of long-term acidic deposition in temperate deciduous forests is N saturation followed by soil acidification and eventual depletion of soil calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) by leaching . This idea is supported by many independent studies including N addition studies in many forest types Wallace et al, 2007), long term soil data in areas receiving different levels of acidic deposition , and modeling studies Hruska et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The effects of accelerated soil acidification on aggrading temperate deciduous forests: The Fernow Experimental Forest Long Term Soil Productivity (LTSP) Study at 13 years

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Long-term forest soil acidification, nutrient leaching and vegetation development: Linking modelling and surveys of a primeval spruce forest in the Ukrainian Transcarpathian Mts.

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Complex Physiological Response of Norway Spruce to Atmospheric Pollution – Decreased Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Unchanged Tree Biomass Increment

Complex Physiological Response of Norway Spruce to Atmospheric Pollution – Decreased Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Unchanged Tree Biomass Increment

Effects of previous nitrogen addition on chlorine in forest soil, soil solution and biomass

The effects of accelerated soil acidification on aggrading temperate deciduous forests: The Fernow Experimental Forest Long Term Soil Productivity (LTSP) Study at 13 years

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