Long-term groundwater level changes and land subsidence in Tianjin, China

Ha, Da; Zheng, Gang; Loáiciga, Hugo A.; Guo, Weiqi; Zhou, Haizuo; Chai, Jinchun

doi:10.1007/s11440-020-01097-2

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Over 60% of irrigation, 90% of urban water supply, and 100% of industries in the country depend on groundwater [14]. The over-exploitation of groundwater in densely populated areas with extensive confined aquifers leads to LS [13,17,18]. Pakistan, with a population of over 175 million and a population growth rate of 2.1%, faces this problem, particularly in urban areas such as Lahore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impacts of Groundwater Depletion and Aquifer Degradation on Land Subsidence in Lahore, Pakistan: A PS-InSAR Approach for Sustainable Urban Development

Sajjad,

Wang,

Afzal

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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In various regions worldwide, people rely heavily on groundwater as a significant water source for daily usage. The resulting large-scale depletion of groundwater has triggered surface deformation in densely populated urban areas. This paper aims to employ Persistent Scattered Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) techniques to monitor and quantify the land surface deformation (LSD), assess the relationships between LSD and groundwater levels (GWL), and provide insights for urban planning in Lahore, Pakistan, as the research area. A series of Sentinel-1 images from the ascending track between 2017 and 2020 were analyzed. Moreover, the Mann–Kendall (MK) test and coefficient of determination were computed to analyze the long-term trends and spatial relationships between GWL depletion and line of sight (LOS) displacement. Our findings reveal significant increases in land subsidence (LS) and GWL from 2017 to 2020, particularly in the city center of Lahore. Notably, the annual mean subsidence during this period rose from −27 mm/year to −106 mm/year, indicating an accelerating trend with an average subsidence of −20 mm/year. Furthermore, the MK test indicated a declining trend in GWL, averaging 0.49 m/year from 2003 to 2020, exacerbating LS. Regions with significant groundwater discharge are particularly susceptible to subsidence rates up to −100 mm. The LS variation was positively correlated with the GWL at a significant level (p < 0.05) and accounted for a high positive correlation at the center of the city, where the urban load was high. Overall, the adopted methodology effectively detects, maps, and monitors land surfaces vulnerable to subsidence, offering valuable insights into efficient sustainable urban planning, surface infrastructure design, and subsidence-induced hazard mitigation in large urban areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impacts of Groundwater Depletion and Aquifer Degradation on Land Subsidence in Lahore, Pakistan: A PS-InSAR Approach for Sustainable Urban Development

Sajjad,

Wang,

Afzal

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Currently, domestic and foreign scholars' studies on Tianjin mainly focus on surface deformation characteristics in the main urban area [16], the long time series of groundwater level changes [17,18], and the response relationship between surface deformation and groundwater level changes [19,20],there are important for the development of land resources and ensuring the safety of infrastructure in Tianjin. However, groundwater exploitation has not been carried out in the reclaimed areas of Tianjin Binhai New Area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection Ground Deformation characteristics of Reclamation Land with Time-Series InSAR in Tianjin Binhai New Area,china

Chen,

Yan,

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In order to alleviate the conflict between populations and land-resource, Tianjin has adopted multi-phase reclamation projects to formed large-scale artificial reclamation land. However, the reclamation areas are susceptible to subsidence, which demonstrate a serious threat to infrastructure and people’s lives and property. The SBAS-InSAR was used to acquired surface deformation of Tianjin Binhai New Area from January 2017 year to December 2022 year, analyzed in depth the response relationship between land subsidence and reclamation projects time as well as the land use type. The results show that the Lingang Industrial Zone was the earliest to be reclaimed, with extensive reclamation completed by 2016 year, while Nangang Industrial Zone and Hangu Port started reclamation projects in 2009 year, some areas are still currently under construction. There is a strong correlation between surface deformation and reclamation time, the severe land subsidence occurred over newly reclaimed areas. Surface deformation gradually intensifies from west to east, the maximum surface settlement in Nangang Industrial Zone, Lingang Industrial Zone from the west to the east has changed from -50 mm to -890 mm,45 mm to -580 mm, respectively, reclamation area of Hangu Port with maximum surface deformation is -250 mm. Significant differences deformation among different land use types, which reclamation projects completed in the same time. Subsidence is positively correlated with surface load, in areas with higher surface loads, the surface settlement is also severer,the average surface settlement for the heavy shipyard, 67 grain storage tanks, 27 grain storage tanks, road, and bare land are -201 mm, -166 mm, -107 mm, -64 mm, and -43 mm, respectively. This study reveals significant differences of surface deformation in the reclamation completed at different times and the load is the main driving factor of settlement difference in the reclamation land completed at the same time. Which has important guiding significance for preventing and controlling geological disasters in the reclamation area and later development planning.

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“…Over the past half century, the North China Plain (NCP) has undergone remarkable industrial, agricultural, and economic growth, leading it to become one of the most waterscarce areas in China [1,2]. The overexploitation of groundwater has resulted in the NCP experiencing some of the most pronounced surface deformations worldwide due to mass redistribution [3][4][5][6]. In response, the Central Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWD-C) began operation at the end of 2014, aiming to alleviate the severe water resource shortage in the NCP by diverting water from the Danjiangkou Reservoir [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of South-to-North Water Diversion on Land Subsidence in North China Plain Revealed by Using Geodetic Measurements

Wang,

Ding,

Chen

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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As a major grain-producing region in China, the North China Plain (NCP) faces serious challenges such as water shortage and land subsidence. In late 2014, the Central Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWD-C) began to provide NCP with water resources. However, the effectiveness of this supply in mitigating land subsidence remains a pivotal and yet unassessed aspect. In this paper, we utilized various geodetic datasets, including the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow On (GRACE-FO), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and leveling data, to conduct a spatial-temporal analysis of the equivalent water height (EWH) and vertical ground movement in the NCP. The results reveal a noteworthy decline in EWH from 2011 to 2015, followed by a slight increase with minor fluctuations from 2015 to 2020, demonstrating a strong correlation with the water resources supplied by the SNWD-C. The GRACE-derived surface deformation rate induced by hydrological loading is estimated to be <1 mm/yr. In comparison, GNSS-derived vertical ground movements exhibit considerable regional differences during the 2011–2020 period. Substantial surface subsidence is evident in the central and eastern NCP, contrasting with a gradual uplift in the front plain of the Taihang Mountains. Three-stage leveling results indicate that the rate of subsidence in the central and eastern plains is gradually increasing with the depression area expanding from 1960 to 2010. Based on these geodetic results, it can be inferred that the SNWD-C’s operation since 2014 has effectively mitigated the reduction in terrestrial water storage in the NCP. However, land subsidence in the NCP persists, as the subsidence rate does not turn around in sync with the change in EWH following the operation of SNWD-C. Consequently, it’s necessary to maintain and enforce existing policies, including controlling groundwater exploitation and water resources supply (e.g., SNWD-C) to curtail the exacerbation of land subsidence in the NCP. Additionally, continuous monitoring of land subsidence by GRACE, GNSS, leveling and other geodetic techniques is crucial to enable timely policy adjustments based on monitoring results.

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Long-term groundwater level changes and land subsidence in Tianjin, China

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Assessing the Impacts of Groundwater Depletion and Aquifer Degradation on Land Subsidence in Lahore, Pakistan: A PS-InSAR Approach for Sustainable Urban Development

Assessing the Impacts of Groundwater Depletion and Aquifer Degradation on Land Subsidence in Lahore, Pakistan: A PS-InSAR Approach for Sustainable Urban Development

Detection Ground Deformation characteristics of Reclamation Land with Time-Series InSAR in Tianjin Binhai New Area,china

Influence of South-to-North Water Diversion on Land Subsidence in North China Plain Revealed by Using Geodetic Measurements

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