Long-term health benefits of physical activity – a systematic review of longitudinal studies

Reiner, Miriam; Niermann, Christina; Jekauc, Darko; Wöll, Alexander

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-813

Cited by 1,063 publications

(794 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Search filters for observational studies were applied to refine the search output. The reference list of past systematic reviews were manually searched for further studies [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. No restrictions on date of publication were set and new results were included up until December 2015.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

et al. 2016

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Aims/hypothesis Inverse associations between physical activity (PA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus are well known. However, the shape of the dose-response relationship is still uncertain. This review synthesises results from longitudinal studies in general populations and uses non-linear models of the association between PA and incident type 2 diabetes. Methods A systematic literature search identified 28 prospective studies on leisure-time PA (LTPA) or total PA and risk of type 2 diabetes. PA exposures were converted into metabolic equivalent of task (MET) h/week and marginal MET (MMET) h/week, a measure only considering energy expended above resting metabolic rate. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the exposure-disease relationship.Results Our results suggest an overall non-linear relationship; using the cubic spline model we found a risk reduction of 26% (95% CI 20%, 31%) for type 2 diabetes among those who achieved 11.25 MET h/week (equivalent to 150 min/week of moderate activity) relative to inactive individuals. Achieving twice this amount of PA was associated with a risk reduction of 36% (95% CI 27%, 46%), with further reductions at higher doses (60 MET h/week, risk reduction of 53%). Results for the MMET h/week dose-response curve were similar for moderate intensity PA, but benefits were greater for higher intensity PA and smaller for lower intensity activity. Conclusions/interpretation Higher levels of LTPA were associated with substantially lower incidence of type 2 diabetes in the general population. The relationship between LTPA and type 2 diabetes was curvilinear; the greatest relative benefits are achieved at low levels of activity, but additional benefits can be realised at exposures considerably higher than those prescribed by public health recommendations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

et al. 2016

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“…As already pointed out, subjective wellbeing can result in increased exercise and healthier lifestyle, this leading to better health outcomes (Reiner et al 2013). Several studies have analysed the relationship between subjective wellbeing and health behaviours.…”

Section: Healthy Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wellbeing and Society: Towards Quantification of the Co-benefits of Wellbeing

Maccagnan

Wren-Lewis²,

Brown³

et al. 2018

Soc Indic Res

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The objectives of this paper are twofold. First, it reviews the empirical evidence showing the existence of linkage between wellbeing and possible co-benefits, investigating in particular the positive effect that happiness and life satisfaction can have on health, social outcomes, employment, education and environmental behaviours. Second, it presents the valuation methods that have been proposed in the literature to place a monetary value on these outcomes. With wellbeing having become more and more relevant for individuals and policy makers, the full understanding of the co-benefits of wellbeing is central for the design and development of wellbeing interventions. As a consequence, the evaluation of the co-benefits of wellbeing is of crucial importance for the appropriate allocation of resources towards such strategies.

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“…The long-term health benefits of exercise include reduced mortality rates from chronic illness such as, hypertension (Kokkinos, 2012) and cancer (Friedenreich, 2016) improved movement function in conditions such as arthritis (Macera et al, 2003) and reduced incidence and better management of conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes (Reiner et al, 2013;Warburton et al, 2006). Additionally, exercise has been found to help improve psychological factors such as stress, anxiety and depression (Asmundson et al, 2013;Josefsson et al, 2013;Warburton et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of social capital and community belongingness for exercise adherence: An exploratory study of the CrossFit gym model

2016

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This is the first study to measure the 'sense of community' reportedly offered by the CrossFit gym model.A cross-sectional study adapted Social Capital and General Belongingness scales to compare perceptions of a CrossFit gym and a traditional gym. CrossFit gym members reported significantly higher levels of social capital (both bridging and bonding) and community belongingness compared with traditional gym members. However, regression analysis showed neither social capital, community belongingness, nor gym type were independent predictors of gym attendance. Exercise and health professionals may benefit from evaluating further the 'sense of community' offered by gym-based exercise programmes. KeywordsCommunity health psychology, social capital, exercise behaviour, physical activity, social support.

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Long-term health benefits of physical activity – a systematic review of longitudinal studies

Cited by 1,063 publications

References 46 publications

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Wellbeing and Society: Towards Quantification of the Co-benefits of Wellbeing

The role of social capital and community belongingness for exercise adherence: An exploratory study of the CrossFit gym model

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