Long term hepatitis B vaccine in infants born to hepatitis B e antigen positive mothers

Poovorawan, Yong; Sanpavat, Suwimol; Chumdermpadetsuk, S; Safary, Assad

doi:10.1136/fn.77.1.f47

Cited by 58 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…1 To control HBV infection, universal neonatal immunisation with the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced more than 3 decades ago, and its efficacy has been reported in many studies that have shown not only a reduction in the prevalence of childhood HBV infection, but also the presence of an anamnestic response that could maintain immunoprotection for many years. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Indeed, in Taiwan, following introduction of the vaccine, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in children was reduced from 0.54 to 0.20 per 100,000 children aged 6-14 years in those born before versus after the vaccination program. 15 In Hong Kong, selective active-passive hepatitis B immunization was first administered to neonates born to mothers screened positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from late 1983 to 1988, 16 followed by universal neonatal HBV vaccination from November 1988, 17 and the vaccine has become widely available since.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Lao

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced for more than 3 decades. In Hong Kong, excellent vaccine coverage through an efficient public health care system, together with supplemental programmes and easy availability of the vaccine, meant that most young pregnant women, and university students at entrance, should have been protected. Yet significant correlations in the prevalence of HBV infection with age were found in these groups of subjects, increasing from low to high endemicity rates from late teenage to the early twenties. This can only be attributed to vaccine failure, and there is cumulating evidence that several factors are involved, including the failure to respond to a primary series of hepatitis B vaccination in infancy, the waning of antibody titer with age, and loss of anamnestic response in a significant portion of the vaccinees. The duration of protection conferred by hepatitis B vaccination in infancy should be re-examined and remedial measures undertaken if its long term protection is found to be insufficient. Otherwise, the efforts to control HBV infection, especially in high endemicity regions, with universal vaccination in infancy would be rendered futile.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Lao

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…It is known that the antibody after immunization will decrease with time, but immune memory will be present up to 13 years after the immunization, so children and adults with undetectable anti-HBs will still be protected from HBV infection. 10,[16][17][18][19] In this study, 18 children who had received both active and passive immunization at the age of less than 7 days were not infected by HBV. Six out of 25 children who only received active immunization at the age of more than 7 days were infected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficacy of prophylactic HBV immunization with or without HBIg had been evaluated in a longitudinal study. [17][18][19] Beasley reported that 80-95% of babies from positive HBsAg mothers who received HBV immunization and HBIg prophylaxis soon after birth were not infected by HBV. 19 Zamir reported that 89% of babies from negative HBeAg carrier mothers who only received active immunization soon after birth developed protective levels of anti-HBs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B serologic patterns in children of HBV carriers or infected mothers

Bisanto¹,

Chair²,

Istikowati³

2016

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Background Vertical transmission is usually the cause of increas-ing carrier rates for hepatitis B infection, especially in highly en-demic areas.Objective To determine the serologic patterns of hepatitis B inchildren of HBV carrier/infected mothers.Methods This was a cross sectional study on children of HBVcarrier/infected mothers. Subjects were recruited consecutively andexamined at the Department of Child Health, Cipto MangunkusumoHospital during January–July 2003. Children were included if theywere generally healthy and their parents gave permission. Chil-dren with chronic illness, previous blood transfusions, or drug abusewere excluded.Results Fifty-nine children of 32 HBV carrier/infected mothers wererecruited. HBsAg was positive in 8 children, anti-HBs in 37, andanti-HBc in 4 children. Seventy-three percent of children had beenvaccinated against HBV but only 81% had positive anti-HBs. Ofeighteen children who received hepatitis B vaccine and HBIg atbirth, none was infected. Six out of 25 children who received onlyhepatitis B vaccine were infected.Conclusion HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc were positive in 14%,36%, and 7% of children of HBV carrier/infected mothers, respec-tively

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“…In a previous study (11) a GMC of 3 341 mIU/mL was found one month after completion of an immunization schedule of 0, 1, 2, and 12 months. Among the neonates in the group who were not boosted at month 60 but were followed up to month 96 the seropositivity was still 95.5%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two recombinant hepatitis B vaccines and their interchangeability in Argentine infants

Tregnaghi

Ussher

Baudagna

et al. 2004

Rev Panam Salud Publica

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Objective. To compare two pediatric recombinant hepatitis B vaccines-the Engerix-B reference vaccine and the Euvax-B vaccine-in terms of immunogenicity and reactogenicity, and also to investigate their interchangeability, that is, whether a three-dose hepatitis B vaccination Conclusions. Both of the recombinant hepatitis B vaccines that we studied were well tolerated and highly immunogenic. Euvax-B was clinically identical (not inferior) to the Engerix-B reference vaccine, and either vaccine could be used to achieve the World Health Organization goal of immunizing all infants against hepatitis B. Further, Euvax-B can be safely used in infants given an initial dose of either Euvax-B or Engerix-B.Hepatitis B, vaccines, immunization programs, infant. ABSTRACT One aim of the Expanded Program on Immunization of the World HealthOrganization (WHO) has been the immunization of all infants against hepatitis B (1), and, according to the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization, all countries should introduce hepatitis B vaccine into their national immunization programs by 2007 (2). Indeed, hepatitis B infection is one of the leading causes of vaccinepreventable infant morbidity around the world (2), and universal childhood immunization has been proposed to combat the spread of this virus (3). To achieve universal immunization of infants the WHO has recommended administering three doses of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in the first year of life. One dose should be given at birth in areas of medium endemicity (carriage rate of 2% to 8%) or

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Long term hepatitis B vaccine in infants born to hepatitis B e antigen positive mothers

Cited by 58 publications

References 18 publications

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Hepatitis B serologic patterns in children of HBV carriers or infected mothers

Comparison of two recombinant hepatitis B vaccines and their interchangeability in Argentine infants

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