Long-term hydrogen permeation tests of Pd–Cu–Ni/PNS with temperature cycles from room temperature to 773K

Formation of a defect-free Pd–Cu–Ni ternary alloy membrane on a polished porous nickel support (PNS)

“…The hydrogen permeance in the present work ranged from 1.3 × 10 −7 to 3.8 × 10 −7 mol m −2 s −1 Pa −1 . This maximum value is three times higher than the permeance measured by a previous study on a similar membrane [52], and is similar to the values reported in other studies on membranes with a similar thickness [19,21,41]. Fig.…”

“…The depth of the EDS analysis is 50 nm. The nickel content was less than that in the previous study [52]. In contrast to the powder used in the previous study, the present PNS was composed of a majority of micron sized powders.…”

“…The unit cell of the membrane module was made of Inconel 600, because the thermal expansion of Inconel 600 is closer to those of palladium and nickel than that of 316 L stainless steel [52]. Hydrogen was introduced into the membrane module through the mass flow controller and the gas that permeated through the membranes was detected by a digital soap-bubble flow meter.…”

“…As shown in Table 1, the base metals of most Pd-based membranes are palladium, palladium-copper, palladium-silver, and palladium-copper-nickel [50][51][52][53][54]. The utilization of composite structures which consist of a thin membrane film and porous substrate reduces the material cost, as well as offering a high hydrogen permeation rate, because an ultra thin membrane film can be prepared.…”

“…have very good durability under various operation conditions in the long-term stability test [52]. Furthermore, the PNS has numerous merits such as the possibility of mass production, good mechanical and thermal stability, and the possibility of easy modulation.…”