Long-term impact of childhood malaria infection on school performance among school children in a malaria endemic area along the Thai–Myanmar border

Vorasan, Nutchavadee; Pan-ngum, Wirichada; Jittamala, Podjanee; Maneeboonyang, Wanchai; Rukmanee, Prasert; Lawpoolsri, Saranath

doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0917-7

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As early as this period, several reports had consistently linked baffling set of several neuropsychiatric disorders including psychosis to malaria (Pope, 1914;Carlill and Korsakow, 1917;Paisseau, 1919;Papastratigakis, 1922). The same are recently reported in different populations (Vorasan et al, 2015;Ekram et al, 2016;Idro et al, 2016;Singh et al, 2016;Okere, 2018;Jenkins et al, 2019). While malaria-induced psychosis is caused by Plasmodium vivax found predominantly in Asia and Latin America, in Sub-Saharan Africa, cerebral malaria caused by P. falciparum has also been associated with mental health disorders especially in children (Sowunmi, 1993;Murphy and Breman, 2001;Idro et al, 2016).…”

Section: Concomitant Occurrence Of Malaria and Toxoplasmosis: The Knosupporting

confidence: 64%

Cerebral Malaria and Toxoplasmosis: Could their Concomitant Presentation Worsen Psychotic Condition?

Ibrahim

Atilola

Mohammed

et al. 2020

Annals of Science and Technology

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Malaria and toxoplasmosis are two important parasitic diseases with significant public health concerns in the Sub-Saharan African countries. Some aspects of pathogenesis of the two parasitic diseases involve the central nervous system manifesting neuropsychiatric disorders. Studies have implicated the single infection by Plasmodium spp. and Toxoplasma gondii in development of psychosis. Although concomitant infection of the two parasites suggests an aggravated psychotic condition, there is currently no reported study. This article reviewed some studies which implicated malaria and toxoplasmosis in psychosis. It further explored the likely role of concurrent infection by the parasites on psychosis, the dynamics of their pathology and possible effects of certain psychosis-associated cytokines and other biomolecules on the central nervous system. We recommend evidence-based research efforts in this field for the effective management of these two parasitic diseases to abate the public health burden of psychosis.

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Section: Concomitant Occurrence Of Malaria and Toxoplasmosis: The Knosupporting

confidence: 64%

Cerebral Malaria and Toxoplasmosis: Could their Concomitant Presentation Worsen Psychotic Condition?

Ibrahim

Atilola

Mohammed

et al. 2020

Annals of Science and Technology

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“…Rural areas are often described as intense and perennial transmission areas as there are often several suitable Anopheles breeding sites available, coupled with poor access and/or adherence to vector control measures by rural inhabitants 20 , 21 . The relatively younger age observed in the rural area may also be a contributing factor to the high prevalence observed in this study area, as children represent a high risk group for malaria infection 22 . In line with this, the majority of infected individuals in the rural area were children less than five years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact of malaria on haematological parameters of urban, peri-urban and rural residents in the Ashanti region of Ghana: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: We aimed at investigating the impact of malaria on the haematological parameters of residents from different demographic settlements in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Malaria parasites trigger changes in certain haematological parameters, which may result in a number of clinical manifestations. Differences in demographic settlements, such as rural, peri-urban and urban settlements may also influence these changes, but this has not been extensively studied in Ghana. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based, cross-sectional study from January to December 2018 in three different settlements. A total of 598 participants were recruited. Blood smears were examined to detect and quantify malaria parasitaemia, while haematological parameters were measured using a haematology analyser. Results: Participants from the rural settlement had the highest malaria prevalence (21.3%) compared to urban (11.8%) and peri-urban areas (13.3%); however, the peri-urban area had the highest median parasite density (568; IQR=190.0-1312.0). Age was significantly associated with the odds of malaria positivity (OR: 0.97; CI:0.96 — 0.99; p=4.96*10-4). When haematological parameters of the malaria-infected study participants were compared to the parameters of uninfected participants, red blood cell count (p=0.017), haemoglobin (p=0.0165), haematocrit (p=0.0015), mean corpuscular volume (p=0.0014), plateletcrit (p<0.0001) and platelet count (p<0.0001) were all significantly lower in the malaria infected group. In addition to age, haemoglobin and plateletcrit levels were also inversely correlated with the odds of testing positive for malaria, suggesting that children who were anaemic and/or thrombocytopaenic were likely to be infected. After fitting the data to a logistic regression model comprising the three variables, the model correctly categorised 78% of uninfected study participants, but only 50% of the malaria-positive participants. Conclusions: Study participants who were positive for malaria were younger and had low haemoglobin and plateletcrit levels compared to uninfected individuals. Further studies are needed to more precisely elucidate the relationship between malaria infection,demographic and haematological parameters.

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“…In recent years, poor performance in cognitive events, mainly related to learning and memory, has also been observed in individuals with uncomplicated malaria episodes in different endemic regions of the world [ 14 – 18 ]. They were not, however, observed in some murine experimental models in which CM is not expected to occur [ 12 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effect of uncomplicated Plasmodium berghei ANKA malaria on memory and anxiety-like behaviour in C57BL/6 mice

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCerebral malaria, the main complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans, is associated with persistent neurocognitive sequels both in human disease and the murine experimental model. In recent years, cognitive deficits related to uncomplicated (non-cerebral) malaria have also been reported in chronically exposed residents of endemic areas, but not in some murine experimental models of non-cerebral malaria. This study aimed at evaluating the influence of uncomplicated malaria on different behavioural paradigms associated with memory and anxiety-like parameters in a murine model that has the ability to develop cerebral malaria.MethodsPlasmodium berghei ANKA-infected and non-infected C57BL/6 mice were used. Development of cerebral malaria was prevented by chloroquine treatment starting on the fourth day of infection. The control group (non-infected mice) were treated with PBS. The effect of uncomplicated malaria infection on locomotor habituation, short and long-term memory and anxious-like behaviour was evaluated 64 days after parasite clearance in assays including open field, object recognition, Y-maze and light/dark tasks.ResultsPlasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice showed significant long-lasting disturbances reflected by a long-term memory-related behaviour on open field and object recognition tasks, accompanied by an anxious-like phenotype availed on open field and light-dark tasks.ConclusionsLong-term neurocognitive sequels may follow an uncomplicated malaria episode in an experimental model prone to develop cerebral malaria, even if the infection is treated before the appearance of clinical signs of cerebral impairment.

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Long-term impact of childhood malaria infection on school performance among school children in a malaria endemic area along the Thai–Myanmar border

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Cerebral Malaria and Toxoplasmosis: Could their Concomitant Presentation Worsen Psychotic Condition?

Cerebral Malaria and Toxoplasmosis: Could their Concomitant Presentation Worsen Psychotic Condition?

Impact of malaria on haematological parameters of urban, peri-urban and rural residents in the Ashanti region of Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Long-term effect of uncomplicated Plasmodium berghei ANKA malaria on memory and anxiety-like behaviour in C57BL/6 mice

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