Long-Term Investigation of 137Cs Fixation by Soils

Erosion of atmospherically deposited radionuclides as affected by soil disaggregation mechanisms

“…They showed that a significant part of the 134 Cs and 85 Sr contamination was still unsorbed on the soil surface particles at the time scale of a rainfall event (typically less than an hour). These observations support the non-equilibrium sorption in real-field situations, already indicated by batch experiments with 137 Cs (Konoplev et al, 1996). These findings strengthen a nonequilibrium interpretation of rapid runoff, already suggested in mathematical study of solute transport affected by surface reactions (Bahr and Rubin, 1987).…”

Reversibility of radiocaesium sorption on illite

“…The first desorption method, which is commonly used (Schulz et al, 1960;Evans et al, 1983;Konoplev et al, 1996;Smith and Comans, 1996;Rigol et al, 1998), is to exchange the adsorbed radiocaesium from the solid with a high concentration of NH 4 . In our setup of this experiment, an amount of the appropriate background solution was first prepared and spiked with a known amount of radiocaesium.…”

Accumulation of 137Cs in puddle sediments within urban ecosystem

“…However, the time needed for K d of 137 Cs to reach equilibrium between the soluble and insoluble phases during water accumulation is not clear. We assume a short equilibrium time of about one day (Konoplev and Bulgakov, 1996).…”