Long-term land-use and landscape dynamics in Budalen, central Norway

Solem, Thyra; Aune, Egil Ingvar; Daverdin, Marc; Hassel, Kristian; Sjögren, Per; Stenvik, Lars F.; Tretvik, Aud Mikkelsen; Øien, Dag‐Inge; Austrheim, Gunnar

doi:10.1080/21513732.2012.723639

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The fertile infields were often of limited extent, so the outfields were of great importance for haymaking, grazing and summer farming (e.g. Ellenberg, 1988;Hjelle et al, 2012;Solem et al, 2012). This long-term regular harvesting has influenced the fens, turning…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern pollen–vegetation relationships in traditionally mown and unmanaged boreal rich-fen communities in central Norway

Fjordheim

Moen

Hjelle

et al. 2018

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

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Knowledge of the relationship between vegetation and modern pollen deposition is necessary to improve the interpretation of fossil pollen samples. We compared the cover of plant species and the modern pollen deposition in surface moss samples in 49 plots in rich-fen vegetation from the boreal vegetation zone in Norway in two areas (one oceanic and one more continental). These rich fens were used for traditional hay cutting until ca. 1950. Three management regimes are used: 1) biennial mowing 2) quadrennial mowing and 3) unmown. The unmown areas were traditional hay fens, with no management since the 1950s. Of the 89 plant taxa and corresponding 65 taxa of pollen and spores, 29 and 22, respectively, were sufficiently represented in both vegetation and as pollen, to allow direct comparisons of the two data sets. Most of the plant and pollen taxa were found in the plots from both study areas and in plots with different mowing frequency. Therefore, quantitative differences in vegetation cover and pollen percentages were the main focus in this investigation of plantpollen relationships in mown and unmown vegetation. The relative difference in plant cover was largest between biennially and unmown plots. 12 species showed a significant positive correlation with difference in plant cover between mown and unmown areas (p<0.05; Wilcoxon signed rank test), most pronounced for Molinia caerulea (most common in unmown plots), and Carex dioica and Thalictrum alpinum (most common in mown plots). A significant positive plant-pollen correlation (Spearman rank-correlation) was found for 10 pollen taxa. Thalictrum alpinum is a very good pollen indicator, and Cyperaceae, Eriophorum-type and Pedicularis-type are good pollen indicators of mowing. Poaceae/Molinia caerulea and Succisa pratensis are negatively correlated with mowing. The impact of mowing on species composition was similar in both study areas. Mown and unmown areas were differentiated in the vegetation data and could be identified by modern pollen data. These results will improve the interpretation of past land-use practices using pollen analysis of rich-fen vegetation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern pollen–vegetation relationships in traditionally mown and unmanaged boreal rich-fen communities in central Norway

Fjordheim

Moen

Hjelle

et al. 2018

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

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“…A 10-cm-diameter plastic tube was hammered down into the mire, extracted and subsequently cut open in the laboratory. The total length of the profile was c. 170 cm, and the depth-age relationship is based on five 14 C-samples (Solem, 2011;Solem et al, 2012). Subsampling for pollen was done every 5 or 10 cm, and chemical preparations follow the study of Faegri and Iversen (1989).…”

Section: The Fossil Pollen Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of problems concerning the peat accumulation, including the possibility of a hiatus due to extraction of bog iron ore (cf. Solem et al, 2012) and the lack of modern representation of alder, the lowermost part of the profile was not included in present quantification effort. Based on the modern pollen-vegetation relationship at Storbekkøya, pollen percentage values could be simulated from the DVC models.…”

Section: Quantifying Plausible Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of past plant abundances based on the R-value model: Exemplified by an impact assessment of pre-historic iron production and summer farming in Budalen, central Norway

et al. 2014

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Quantification of vegetation cover based on fossil pollen assemblages is valuable for proper assessment of past landscape dynamics. In the present investigation, the past vegetation cover around a pre-historic iron production site in the Budalen valley in central Norway was quantified using direction of vegetation change models. A set of fixed rules based on normal succession, the present vegetation and the 'intuitively' interpreted fossil pollen record was used to model spatially explicit changes in the vegetation of past landscapes. By comparing modelled pollen percentages with empirical fossil pollen percentages, it was possible to determine absolute plausible vegetation. According to the applied models, the pine forest within at least 1 km of the sampling site (>100 ha) was temporarily replaced with birch forest around ad 300, 800 and 1750 as a consequence of iron and charcoal production. The birch forest later re-succeeded to pine forest as pine harvest decreased at intermediate time stages.

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“…Summer farms and grazing by domestic animals, such as cattle and sheep, have been common in many montane areas in Europe. Both the animals themselves and the human activity related to the summer farming, such as harvest of wood, have had large impacts on montane forest and treelines (Bryn & Hemsing, 2012; Solem et al, 2012). The animals may forage on seedlings and saplings in the treeline ecotone, limiting recruitment (Speed et al, 2010), height growth (Speed et al, 2011b) and radial growth (Speed et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relative role of climate and herbivory in driving treeline dynamics along a latitudinal gradient

Mienna

Speed

Klanderud

et al. 2020

J Vegetation Science

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Aim:The treeline is an obvious ecotone between forest and tundra ecosystems.Climatic warming is expected to lead to the treeline advancing, although in many cases this has not been observed. This is most likely because other factors can also influence treeline dynamics, notably land use and herbivory in European treelines.In this study, the roles of climate and herbivory as determinants for change in stem number, growth and mortality responses of treeline ecotone trees were investigated.Location: Thirty-six sites along a 1,000 km latitudinal gradient in the Scandes Mountains in Norway (60-69° N). Methods:We recorded changes in stem numbers and height, and mortality between 2008 and 2012. A partial least-squares regression analysis (PLS) was carried out to find the relative importance of groups of variables representing climate, herbivory, site and tree properties for explaining the variation in these three response variables.We also fitted general additive models for each response with selected variables from the PLS analysis. Results:We found an increase in number of stems and tree height for short and medium tall trees. The climatic variables explained the greatest proportion of the variation of the change in stem numbers, while tree height growth and mortality were best predicted by the growth stage of the tree and climate. Conclusions:Our study shows that climate explains more of the variance in treeline performance than herbivory, tree properties or latitude. Relatively weak explanatory power of all variables suggests high context dependency of treeline dynamics between sites. It seems that at large scales, variables known to be important in regulating treeline dynamics within sites are poor predictors of treeline change in the short term. K E Y W O R D S climate change, herbivory, latitudinal gradient, Norway, treeline | 393 Journal of Vegetation Science MIENNA Et Al.

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Long-term land-use and landscape dynamics in Budalen, central Norway

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Modern pollen–vegetation relationships in traditionally mown and unmanaged boreal rich-fen communities in central Norway

Modern pollen–vegetation relationships in traditionally mown and unmanaged boreal rich-fen communities in central Norway

Quantification of past plant abundances based on the R-value model: Exemplified by an impact assessment of pre-historic iron production and summer farming in Budalen, central Norway

The relative role of climate and herbivory in driving treeline dynamics along a latitudinal gradient

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