Long-term monitoring and seasonal analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) measured over a decade in the ambient air of Porto, Portugal

Albuquerque, M.; Coutinho, M.; Borrego, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.064

Cited by 79 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As the level of detected PAHs in this work is in the same order of magnitude to other studies with shorter sampling time (8,15), it can be hypothesized that potential artifacts, even if they exists, did not affects strongly the representativity of the results obtained by long-duration sampling comparing to short-time sampling commonly employed (24-48 h).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Due to their low atmospheric concentrations, high flow rate (i.e., between 10 and 30 m 3 h −1 ) are generally required. Sampling is commonly done for 24 hours to obtain between 240 and 720 m 3 of air (7,8). However, the observation of temporal variabilities of PAHs atmospheric concentrations requires consequently many air sampling which are accurate but expensive and time consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Variations of Atmospheric PAHs in an Urban Area (Strasbourg, France) by Using Long-Duration High-Volume Sampling

Liaud

Schwartz

Ocampo-Torres

et al. 2016

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

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The atmospheric temporal variations of 17 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been studied in an urban background area situated in the center of Strasbourg (east of France). Sampling was done by using High-Volume sampling on glass fiber filter followed by XAD-2 resins. Sampling was done during seven consecutive days at a flow rate of about 13 m 3 h −1 (exact volume of air passing through the traps was monitored by an air flow meter). Two seven-days filters and resins were combined for extraction in order to give a composite of 15 days samples, corresponding to two samples per months. Composite filters and resins ware separately extracted by Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) using acetonitrile (ACN) as solvent (150 • C, 3 cycles), concentrated to 1 mL and analyzed by HPLC coupled to a fluorescence detector. Quantification was done by internal standard calibration using triphenyl benzene as internal standard. Results shows that the use of high-volume long-duration atmospheric sampling did not interfere in the interpretation of results as the temporal variability of PAHs was in accordance with their known behavior (higher concentrations in winter, . . . ). Atmospheric

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Variations of Atmospheric PAHs in an Urban Area (Strasbourg, France) by Using Long-Duration High-Volume Sampling

Liaud

Schwartz

Ocampo-Torres

et al. 2016

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

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“…In USA's urban sites, the compounds measured were less abundant in cities like Atlanta [26] and those in southern California [27]. Regarding European cities, PAH levels were very similar to suburban and urban areas in Zaragoza, Spain [28], Rome, Italy [29] and in Porto, Portugal [30]. Comparable ambient levels were also reported in Nanjing [31], but the most developed and industrialized Chinese cities presented significantly higher concentrations of those compounds [32][33][34].…”

Section: Pahs Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Associated with PM2.5 in Guadalajara, Mexico: Environmental Levels, Health Risks and Possible Sources

et al. 2018

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. Spatial variations were found during the dry-warm season, which were attributed mainly to differing intensities of local traffic and less dispersion of air pollutants in Miravalle. Seasonal variations were associated with increases in rainfall (June-September) and differences in temperature (January-May and October-January). The benzo(a)pyrene-equivalent (BaPE) and BaP results suggest that exposure to PM 2.5 -containing carcinogenic PAHs (C-PAHs) in Miravalle during the warm-dry and cold-dry seasons can be seen as representing a serious risk to human health. The contributions from potential sources to PAHs in PM 2.5 were evaluated by the diagnostic ratios between PAHs and principal component analysis (PCA). In the whole sampling period, vehicular emission activity, probably related to light and heavy traffic, was found to be the predominant contributor to PM 2.5 -bound PAHs.

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“…These pollutants must be monitored in several environments, like sediments, water, soil and biota. One of the most toxic PAHs is benzo(a)pyrene, which is usually applied as an indicator of PAHs (ALBUQUERQUE; COUTINHO; BORREGO, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAHs diagnostic ratios for the distinction of petrogenic and pirogenic sources: applicability in the Upper Iguassu Watershed - Parana, Brazil

Santos

Brehm

Filippe

et al. 2017

RBRH

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered persistent organic pollutants and can cause serious damage in some organisms, including mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the PAH concentrations in an urban basin and use diagnostic ratios to possible distinguish sources of contamination. The surface water analysis showed predominance of compounds containing 3 to 4 aromatic rings while in suspended particulate matter and sediment there was a predominance of compounds containing 4, 5 and 6 rings. Although present in low concentrations in the sediment, assessment of toxicity equivalent factor (TEF) showed values higher than 3 ng g -1 pellet to 50% of the samples with values of up to 125.35 ng g -1. The use of diagnostic ratios allowed verifying that the main source of PAHs in these aquatic environments, are pyrogenic sources. Still, the use of such relations should be done with caution, trying to assess possible interference of degradation factors Keywords: Diagnostic ratios; Risk assessment; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Environmental contamination. RESUMOHidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) são poluentes orgânicos considerados persistentes e que podem causar sérios danos em alguns organismos, incluindo propriedades mutagênicas e carcinogênicas. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as concentrações de HPAs em uma bacia urbanizada e utilizar relações diagnósticas para tentar distinguir fontes de contaminação. A análise de água superficial mostrou um predomínio de compostos de 3 a 4 anéis aromáticos, enquanto que para material particulado suspenso e sedimentos houve uma predominância de compostos com 4, 5 e 6 anéis aromáticos. Apesar de baixas concentrações no sedimento, avaliação de equivalentes de toxicidade mostraram valores superiores a 3 ng g -1 de sedimento para 50% das amostras, com valores de até 125.35 ng g PAHs diagnostic ratios for the distinction of petrogenic and pirogenic sources: applicability in the Upper Iguassu Watershed -Parana, Brazil

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Long-term monitoring and seasonal analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) measured over a decade in the ambient air of Porto, Portugal

Cited by 79 publications

References 37 publications

Temporal Variations of Atmospheric PAHs in an Urban Area (Strasbourg, France) by Using Long-Duration High-Volume Sampling

Temporal Variations of Atmospheric PAHs in an Urban Area (Strasbourg, France) by Using Long-Duration High-Volume Sampling

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Associated with PM2.5 in Guadalajara, Mexico: Environmental Levels, Health Risks and Possible Sources

PAHs diagnostic ratios for the distinction of petrogenic and pirogenic sources: applicability in the Upper Iguassu Watershed - Parana, Brazil

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