Long-term non-progression and risk factors for disease progression among children living with HIV in Botswana and Uganda: A retrospective cohort study

Kyobe, Samuel; Kisitu, Grace; Mwesigwa, Savannah; Farirai, John; Katagirya, Eric; Retshabile, Gaone; Williams, Lesedi; Mirembe, Angela; Ketumile, Lesego; Wayengera, Misaki; Mukisa, John; Sebetso, Gaseene; Diphoko, Thabo; Amujal, Marion; Kigozi, Edgar; Katabazi, Fred; Oceng, Ronald; Mlotshwa, Busisiwe; Morapedi, Koketso; Nsangi, Betty; Wampande, Edward; Tsimako, Masego; Brown, Chester; Kasvosve, Ishmael; Joloba, Moses; Anabwani, Gabriel; Mpoloka, Sununguko; Mardon, Graeme; Kekitiinwa, Adeodata; Hanchard, Neil A.; Kyosiimire–Lugemwa, Jacqueline; Matshaba, Mogomotsi; Kiragga, Dithan

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.030

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.030

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Long-term non-progression and risk factors for disease progression among children living with HIV in Botswana and Uganda: A retrospective cohort study

Samuel Kyobe,

Grace Kisitu,

Savannah Mwesigwa

et al.

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High KIR diversity in Uganda and Botswana children living with HIV

Mukisa,

Kyobe,

Amujal

et al. 2024

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Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are essential components of the innate immune system found on the surfaces of natural killer (NK) cells. The KIRs encoding genes are located on chromosome 19q13.4 and are genetically diverse across populations. KIRs are associated with various disease states including HIV progression, and are linked to transplantation rejection and reproductive success. However, there is limited knowledge on the diversity of KIRs from Uganda and Botswana HIV-infected paediatric cohorts, with high endemic HIV rates. We used next-generation sequencing technologies on 312 (246 Uganda, 66 Botswana) samples to generate KIR allele data and employed customised bioinformatics techniques for allelic, allotype and disease association analysis. We show that these sample sets from Botswana and Uganda have different KIRs of different diversities. In Uganda, we observed 147 vs 111 alleles in the Botswana cohort, which had a more than 1 % frequency. We also found significant deviation towards homozygosity for the KIR3DL2 gene for both rapid (RPs) and long-term non-progressors (LTNPs)in the Ugandan cohort. The frequency of the bw4-80I ligand was also significantly higher among the LTNPs than RPs (8.9 % Vs 2.0%, P-value: 0.032). In the Ugandan cohort, KIR2DS4*001 (OR: 0.671, 95 % CI: 0.481-0.937, FDR adjusted Pc=0.142) and KIR2DS4*006 (OR: 2.519, 95 % CI: 1.085-5.851, FDR adjusted Pc=0.142) were not associated with HIV disease progression after adjustment for multiple testing. Our study results provide additional knowledge of the genetic diversity of KIRs in African populations and provide evidence that will inform future immunogenetics studies concerning human disease susceptibility, evolution and host immune responses.

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High KIR diversity in Uganda and Botswana children living with HIV

Mukisa,

Kyobe,

Amujal

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Long-term non-progression and risk factors for disease progression among children living with HIV in Botswana and Uganda: A retrospective cohort study

Cited by 1 publication

References 36 publications

High KIR diversity in Uganda and Botswana children living with HIV

High KIR diversity in Uganda and Botswana children living with HIV

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