Long-term Oncologic Outcome and Its Relevant Factors in Anal Cancer in Korea: A Nationwide Data Analysis

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the relationship between benign anal inflammatory diseases and anorectal cancer and assess its risk factors. Methods: A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted that included data from 2002 to 2013. The National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort data from 2002 to 2013 was used for the study. Of a total study population of 143,884 individuals, 28,110 individuals with anal fissures were assigned to the case group, while 115,774 individuals without anal fissures were assigned to the control group based on the 1:4 propensity score matching age, sex, and year (case: diagnosed year, control: health service received year). Results: The risk of anorectal cancer was higher in the case group (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51–2.53) compared to the control group. After grouping anorectal cancers into anal cancer and rectal cancer, the risk remained higher in the case group (anal cancer HR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.48–5.27; rectal cancer HR: 1.82, 95% CI; 1.37–2.42). The case group was further categorized into patients with fissures and patients with fistulas; patients with fissures showed a higher risk of developing anorectal cancer than patients with fistulas (HR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.53–2.73 vs. HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.13–2.66). Study participants in their 30s and 40s had a 4.19- and 7.39-times higher risk of anorectal cancer compared to those in the higher age groups (0.64–1.84), while patients who did not have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) had a higher risk of developing anorectal cancer (HR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.56–2.80). Conclusions and Relevance: Patients with anal fistulas or fissures have an increased risk of being diagnosed with anorectal cancer, especially at a young age and even without IBD.

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“…Furthermore, the survival rate for anal cancer is poor compared to the survival rate for colorectal cancer. [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Anorectal Cancer Associated with Benign Anal Inflammatory Diseases: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study

Chae

Kang

Jang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Hur et al [7] analyzed KCCR data for assessing the clinical features and survival of anal cancer, which is a rare cancer in Korea. Data from 3,615 patients during the past 20 years were retrieved and showed an annual increase in incidence of anal cancer from 552 cases in 1996-2000 to 1,062 cases in 2011-2015.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%