Long-term outcome following cranial biceps brachii tendon transposition in a dog with a traumatic cranial scapulohumeral luxation

Abstract

Background: Cranial luxation of the scapulohumeral has been rarely reported in dogs and there is limited information available regarding surgical management of this condition, particularly with respect to long-term functional outcomes.Case Description: This report describes the successful resolution of a chronic traumatic cranial scapulohumeral joint luxation in a dog that was stabilized by cranial transposition of the biceps brachii tendon of origin. At surgery, an osteotomy of the greater tubercle was performed and a trough was made in the exposed bed of the osteotomy. The transverse humeral ligament was incised, and the bicipital tendon was levered into the trough and secured in that location by reattachment of the greater tubercle using multiple Kirschner wires and a figure-of-eight tension band wire. Postoperatively, the dog was maintained in a Spica splint for 2 weeks. Although surgical reduction was performed 4 months after the original injury, the luxation did not recur and the dog did not have appreciable lameness 14 months following the surgery.Conclusion: Although cranial transposition of the bicipital tendon is an invasive procedure, this dog’s scapulohumeral luxation did not recur and the procedure yielded an excellent long-term functional outcome.

Appendicular skeletal muscle mass assessment in dogs: a scoping literature review

“…Among the total of 62 qualified articles, LC was used in 55 articles [ 4 – 12 , 18 – 63 ], US in five articles [ 9 , 38 , 64 – 66 ], CT in four articles [ 9 , 65 , 67 , 68 ], MRI in one article [ 64 ], and DEXA in two articles [ 69 , 70 ]. Utilization of the modalities at different time points (i.e., serial measurements) was described in 49 LC articles [ 4 – 12 , 18 – 31 , 34 , 35 , 38 – 43 , 45 – 48 , 53 – 56 , 63 ], two US articles [ 9 , 38 ], one CT article [ 9 ] and one DEXA article [ 69 ].…”

“…When the articles did not specify the type of the measuring tape, it was classified as standard, non-stretchable metric tape. Thirty-two articles used standard non-stretchable metric tape [ 5 , 6 , 10 – 12 , 18 – 43 , 63 ], and 22 articles used Gulick II tape [ 4 , 7 – 9 , 45 – 62 ]. One article compared measurements from all four measuring tape types [ 44 ].…”

“…The most commonly used region was the thigh at a single level [ 4 – 12 , 18 – 23 , 26 – 33 , 35 , 36 , 38 – 42 , 44 – 54 , 58 – 63 ] but six of these studies [ 9 , 22 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 50 ] also measured the thigh at a second level. Brachium [ 24 , 25 , 43 , 52 , 55 , 57 ], stifle [ 20 , 22 , 34 , 56 , 63 ], crus [ 4 , 39 , 44 , 52 ], and antebrachium [ 24 , 37 , 43 , 52 ] circumference at a single level were also described. Specific measurement levels and anatomic landmarks are outlined in Table 5 .…”

“…Both limbs had the same condition (e.g., monitoring muscle mass in patients with hip osteoarthritis) in nine studies, and limbs had various conditions after unilateral procedures (e.g., monitoring muscle mass after fracture repair or TPLO of one side) in the other 40 studies. Those 40 studies used several different methods of data collection, which included presentation of absolute differences (cm, mm) [ 6 , 8 , 11 , 18 , 22 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 34 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 46 , 47 , 55 ] and percentage differences [ 4 , 7 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 53 ] between affected limb and unaffected contralateral limb, absolute differences (cm, mm) [ 5 , 9 , 56 ] and percentage differences [ 10 , 19 , 25 , 35 , 45 , 48 , 54 ] between pre-treated and post-treated same single limb, absolute circumference values (cm, mm) of bilateral limbs [ 39 , 43 ], and normalized limb circumference data by dividing it by the body weight in kilograms [ 24 ]. The remaining studies [ 12 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 42 , 63 ] did not clearly state how the comparisons between limbs were made.…”

Novel technique using bone tunnels and ligament prostheses to treat a craniolateral shoulder luxation in a dog

“…Luxation of the glenohumeral joint is an uncommon presentation in dogs. Canine traumatic luxations most commonly present as medial 1,2 or lateral luxations, [3][4][5] although cranial luxations have also been reported. 6 To the authors' knowledge, there are no reports of craniolateral glenohumeral luxation in the dog.…”