AIM AND METHODS: The aim of our study was to compare the development of echocardiographic parameters and functional status of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) treated conservatively (n = 41) or by alcohol septal ablation (ASA; n = 39). RESULTS: Left ventricular outfl ow tract gradient (LVOTG) decreased in the fi rst year by 53.7 ± 36.4 mmHg in ASA group versus 5.5±47.1 mmHg in conservatively treated group (p < 0.001), in the third year by 53.1 ± 41.4 mmHg versus 23.9±42.7 mmHg (p = NS) and in the fi fth year, the reduction of LVOTG was 52.1 ± 44.5 mmHg in ASA group and 3.0±63.2 mmHg in conservatively treated group (p < 0.05). Change in NYHA class in the fi rst year was -1.1±0.4 versus 0.1±0.5, in the third year -1.0±0.6 versus 0.1±0.4 and in the fi fth year -0.8 ± 0.5 versus 0.1±0.4 (all p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results showed for the fi rst time that decline of LVOTG after ASA creates a favorable left ventricle remodeling and leads to signifi cant improvement of functional status of HOCM patients in comparison with conservative treatment (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref. 42). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.