Long-term Persistent Infection of Macaque Monkeys with the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

Daniel, Muthiah D.; Letvin, Norman L.; Sehgal, Prabhat K.; Hunsmann, Gerhard; Schmidt, David J.; King, Norval W.; Desrosiers, Ronald C.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-68-12-3183

Cited by 149 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…All macaques that received the HBsAg vaccine seroconverted to SIV by 8 weeks after challenge (week 61 of the protocol; Table 1). Macaque 84 developed very weak antibody responses in most tests despite being viremic; this profile has been associated with rapid progression to AIDS in experimentally infected macaques (29). Antibody titers of the 10 SIV vaccinees at 8 weeks after challenge (week 61 of the protocol) were in decline with respect to the levels on the day of challenge.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inactivated whole-virus vaccine derived from a proviral DNA clone of simian immunodeficiency virus induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against heterologous challenge.

Johnson

Montefiori

Goldstein

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We tested the ability of macaques vaccinated with inactivated whole simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) to resist challenge with either homologous or heterologous cellfree uncloned SIV administered by the intravenous route. The vaccine virus was derived from a proviral DNA clone and thus was considered genetically homogeneous. Sixteen macaques received either hepatitis B surface antigen (n = 6) or the inactivated whole-SIV vaccine (n = 10) at weeks 0, 4, and 49 of the study. All SIV vaccine recipients developed high levels of homologous and heterologous neutralizing antibodies in response to vaccination. At the time of challenge (week 53), vaccinees were further stratified to receive either homologous (n = 10) or heterologous (n = 6) uncloned live SIV. The envelope glycoproteins of the homologous and heterologous challenge viruses were 94% and 81% identical to the vaccine virus, respectively. Regardless of challenge inoculum, all vaccinees in the control group (hepatitis B surface antigen) became infected, whereas all SIV vaccinees were protected against detectable infection. These data support the concept that an efficacious vaccine for HIV might be possible, and suggest that genetic variation of HIV might not be an insurmountable obstacle for vaccine development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inactivated whole-virus vaccine derived from a proviral DNA clone of simian immunodeficiency virus induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against heterologous challenge.

Johnson

Montefiori

Goldstein

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…SIV-infccted macaqties respond by production of serum antibodies [19][20][21]. In fact, Ihe same immune parameters that predict the stage of disease in HIV-infeclcd humans, such as the ratio of CD4' and CD8^ T cells and the level of anti-p27 antibodies, can be used to stage the clinical disease in SIV-infected macaques [22].…”

Section: Introdlictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genital secretory immune response to chronic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection: a comparison between intravenously and genitally inoculated rhesus macaques

Miller

Kang

Marthas

et al. 1992

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARY The humoral and genital secretory immune response to chronic SIV infection was compared between female Rhesus macaques inoculated by i.v. or intravaginal routes. Total IgG levels in serum were 10‐fold higher in SIV‐infected animals when compared with uninfected controls. Vaginal washes from normal macaques contained predominantly IgA and IgG, while those from SIV‐infected animals contained high levels of IgG. The SIV‐infected animals had high titres of SIV‐specific IgG in serum, with lower but detectable IgA and IgM responses. The genital secretory immune response to SIV was similar in intravenously and intravaginally inoculated animals. The anti‐SIV response in the vaginal washes consisted mainly of IgG. Within the lamina propria of the reproductive tract of animals chronically infected with SIV there were essentially no IgA or IgG plasma cells and only a small number of IgM plasma cells, while two normal animals had large numbers of IgA plasma cells. These results suggest that the mucosal immune system of the female reproductive tract is impaired inchronic SIV infection.

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“…The ability of these sera to neutralize the SIVmac25l isolate was assessed (i) by measuring the reduction in infectious virus by antiserum as assessed by the viability of virus-treated cell cultures (cell viability assay) (4,25) and (ii) by measuring the antiserummediated reduction in the number of virus-induced syncytia (syncytium reduction assay) (24). Sera from infected macaques neutralized the virus with titers of 45,000 and 800,000 in the syncytium reduction assay, and serum from one of the animals had a titer of 40,960 in the cell viability assay, indicating that sera from different animals can vary significantly in their ability to neutralize virus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neutralization titer is expressed as the reciprocal of the serum dilution that inhibited syncytium formation by 90%o. The cell viability assay was done as described (4,25 Fig. 2B).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The principal neutralization determinant of simian immunodeficiency virus differs from that of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Javaherian

Langlois

Schmidt

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

107

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Long-term Persistent Infection of Macaque Monkeys with the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

Cited by 149 publications

References 12 publications

Inactivated whole-virus vaccine derived from a proviral DNA clone of simian immunodeficiency virus induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against heterologous challenge.

Inactivated whole-virus vaccine derived from a proviral DNA clone of simian immunodeficiency virus induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against heterologous challenge.

Genital secretory immune response to chronic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection: a comparison between intravenously and genitally inoculated rhesus macaques

The principal neutralization determinant of simian immunodeficiency virus differs from that of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

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