Long-Term Range Fidelity in Rocky Mountain Elk

Dyke, Fred G. Van; Klein, Wendi C.; Stewart, Shawn T.

doi:10.2307/3802555

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Pastures 1 and 2 were near a drainage thought to be used by migrating elk and had more pinyon and juniper cover than pastures 3 and 4. Thus, elk use patterns were apparently more related to preferences for protective cover, topography, and traditional migration patterns than the grazing system's hypothesized effect on forage regrowth and palatability (Skovlin 1982, Wallace and Krausman 1987, Vavra 1992, Dyke et al 1998). …”

Section: Elk and Cattle Grazing Patternsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Elk and Cattle Forage Use under a Specialized Grazing System

Halstead¹,

Howery²,

Ruyle³

et al. 2002

Journal of Range Management

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Section: Elk and Cattle Grazing Patternsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Elk and Cattle Forage Use under a Specialized Grazing System

Halstead¹,

Howery²,

Ruyle³

et al. 2002

Journal of Range Management

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“…Further, the distance between home range centroids increased with time. Drift in home range location and fidelity through time could be due to several factors such as changes in resource distributions, the loss of a mate, other social disruptions, or changes in resource competition (van Dyke et al 1998, Robillard et al 2018, Shakeri et al 2021). The degree of home range fidelity between successive years may be indicative of a species vulnerability to habitat loss (Koczur et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space use and site fidelity of wintering whooping cranes on the Texas Gulf Coast

et al. 2022

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The Aransas‐Wood Buffalo population (the only non‐reintroduced, migratory population) of endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) overwinters along the Texas Gulf Coast, USA. Understanding whooping crane space use on the wintering grounds reveals essential aspects of this species' ecology, which subsequently assists with conservation. Using global positioning system telemetry data from marked whooping cranes during 2009–2017, we fit continuous‐time stochastic process models to describe movement and home range using autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE) and explored variation in home range size in relation to age, sex, reproductive status, and drought conditions. We used the Bhattacharyya coefficient of overlap and distance between home range centroids to quantify site fidelity. We examined the effects of time between winter home ranges and the sex of the crane on site fidelity using Bayesian mixed‐effects beta regression. Winter whooping crane 95% AKDE home range size averaged 30.1 ± 45.2 (SD) km2 (median = 14.3, range = 1.1–308.6). Home ranges of sub‐adult females were approximately 2 times larger than those of sub‐adult males or families. As drought worsened, home ranges typically expanded. Between consecutive years, the home ranges of an adult crane exhibited 68 ± 31% overlap (site fidelity), but fidelity to winter sites declined in subsequent winters. The overlap of adult home ranges with the nearest unrelated family averaged 33 ± 28%. As a whooping crane aged, overlap with its winter home range as a juvenile declined, regardless of sex. By 4 years of age, a whooping crane had approximately 14 ± 28% overlap with its juvenile winter home range. Limited evidence suggested male whooping cranes return to within 2 km of their juvenile home range by their fifth winter. Previous data obtained from aerial surveys led ecologists to assume that whooping crane families normally used small areas (~2 km2) and expressed persistent site fidelity. Our analyses showed <8% of families had home ranges ≤2 km2, with the average area 15 times greater, and waning site fidelity over time. Our work represents an analysis of whooping crane home ranges for this population, identifying past misconceptions of winter space use and resulting in better estimates of space requirements for future conservation efforts.

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Section: Elk and Cattle Grazing Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elk and cattle forage use under a specialized grazing system

Halstead¹,

Howery²,

Ruyle³

2002

REM

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The Walker Basin Allotment grazing system in central Arizona is designed to allocate resource use under elk (Cervus elaphus L.) and cattle (Bos taurus L.) grazing. The grazing system was designed to promote biologically acceptable levels of forage use on the half of the allotment scheduled for cattle grazing and to rest the other half by attracting elk to pastures recently grazed by cattle. The objectives of our 2-year study were to determine whether the grazing system facilitated proper forage use as defined by recent forage use and residual stubble height guidelines (i.e., 30 to 40% use and an 8-to 10-cm stubble height) and whether the system rested one half of the allotment from elk and cattle grazing. Mean (± SEM) total elk and cattle forage use for western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii Rydb.), the key forage species, was 32 and 61 % ± 7 in 1997 and 1998, respectively; corresponding mean (± SEM) stubble heights were 11 and 10 cm ± 0.6. Mean total cattle and elk forage use in 1998 (61%) exceeded the 30 to 40% use guidelines. However, mean end-of-year stubble height was never below 10 cm. The grazing system did not provide half the allotment with complete rest; elk used all study pas tures. Elk use was higher in pastures with heavier tree cover and steeper terrain in both years, regardless of where cattle grazing occurred. Elk grazing patterns were apparently more dependent on tree cover and topography than any changes in forage caused by the grazing system. Key Words: Arizona, deferred grazing, paired-plot, rest-rotation, stubble height, western wheatgrass Specialized grazing systems have been developed that use cattle grazing as a tool to alter forage characteristics and, thereby, modify elk (Cervus elaphus L.) distribution. Such grazing systems often include elements of rest-rotation, deferment, or both (Vavra and Sheehy 1996). Improvements in forage availability, palatability, production, and/or animal performance have been suggested as advantages to using specialized grazing systems de apacentamiento se diseiio para promover niveles biologicamente aceptables de utilizacion de forraje en la mitad del terreno programado para el ganado bovino y descansar la otra mitad mediante la atraccion de los alces a potreros recenn apacentados por bovinos. Los objetivos de nuestro estudio, de 2 aiios de duracion, fueron determinar si el sistema de apacentamiento facilito el use adecuado del forraje tal como to definen los lineamientos recientes de use de forraje y altura del rastrojo (esto es, 30 a 40% de use y 8 a 10 cm de altura del restrojo) y si el sistema descanso del alce y bovinos una de las mitades de la asignacion. La media (± EEM) de use total de forraje por alces y bovinos para el "Western wheatgrass" (Pascopyrum smithii Rydb.), la especie cave, fue 32 y 61% ± 7% en 1997 y 1998 respectivamente, y la medias correspondientes (± EEM) para la atura del rastrojo fueron 11 y 10 cm ± 0.6. En 1998, la media total de use de forraje por alces y bovinos (61%) excedio el 30 a 40% de use establecido en los ...

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Long-Term Range Fidelity in Rocky Mountain Elk

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Elk and Cattle Forage Use under a Specialized Grazing System

Elk and Cattle Forage Use under a Specialized Grazing System

Space use and site fidelity of wintering whooping cranes on the Texas Gulf Coast

Elk and cattle forage use under a specialized grazing system

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