Long-term relationships among pesticide applications, mobility, and soil erosion in a vineyard watershed

Abstract

Significance A record of lake sediment spanning approximately 100 years allowed us to reconstruct the long-term succession of herbicide, fungicide, and insecticide treatments in a vineyard catchment in France. This record of pesticide deposition is consistent with the historical onset and banning of these chemical substances by French and European environmental agencies. We also present evidence of the effects of postemergence herbicides, such as glyphosate, on soil erosion and evidence of the release of banned remnant pesticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), that are stored in vineyard soil back into the environment. These results indicate that the sink–source dynamics of pesticides, which are crucial in ecotoxicological risk assessment, should take into account the effects of a changing environment on pesticide storage.

Insecticides in sediment cores from a rural and a suburban area in South China: A reflection of shift in application patterns

“…In addition to the peak in 1975, elevated concentrations of DDTs were detected in the top layer of the core as well. The DDT present in excavated soils may move into aquatic environment due to soil erosion (Sabatier et al, 2014). Land reclamation efforts related to the construction of "College City" in the SGZ catchment in 2003 (Sun et al, 2015) increased soil runoff into the watershed, which as earlier stated, may explain the elevated TOC levels in the top layers of the SGZ core (Fig.…”

“…Sediment cores may provide a useful tool for reconstructing a historical record of pesticide input into freshwater ecosystems and help to elucidate the temporal impacts of human activities on pesticide pollution (Eisenreich et al, 1989;Sabatier et al, 2014). Previous studies using cores have generally focused on OCPs (mainly DDTs and HCHs) and have noted a generally decreasing trend over time except for fresh input of DDTs in some areas such as Quanzhou Bay in South China and Gwangyang bay in South Korea (Gong et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2013;Cheng et al, 2014).…”

“…Previous studies using cores have generally focused on OCPs (mainly DDTs and HCHs) and have noted a generally decreasing trend over time except for fresh input of DDTs in some areas such as Quanzhou Bay in South China and Gwangyang bay in South Korea (Gong et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2013;Cheng et al, 2014). In comparison to OCPs, very little information is available on the distribution and composition of current use pesticides (CUPs) in sediment cores worldwide (Daniels et al, 2000;Sabatier et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2015). Although CUPs were designed to be less-persistent than OCPs, their degradation rates are greatly reduced when found in sediment compared to water (Gan et al, 2005).…”

“…Although CUPs were designed to be less-persistent than OCPs, their degradation rates are greatly reduced when found in sediment compared to water (Gan et al, 2005). Recently, Sabatier et al (2014) analyzed DDTs and CUPs in sediment cores from a lake receiving runoff from a vineyard watershed and found pesticide concentrations in the cores corresponded with their historical applications. Interestingly, the use of an herbicide glyphosate increased soil erosion (as it killed plants and changed the stability of the associated land) and subsequently resulted in the remobilization of soil-stored DDTs into the lake, suggesting the emerging need to study legacy and current-use pesticides simultaneously.…”

The Impact of the Age of Vines on Soil Hydraulic Conductivity in Vineyards in Eastern Spain

“…Extensive research has been carried out on vineyard soils, not only due to their effect on wine quality and quantity [1,2], but also because soils in vineyards affect the environmental health, as they can be a source of pollutants [3,4], pesticides [5], sediments [5], and overland flow [6]. Also, soil management in vineyard land use is relevant for the effect that it can have on soil properties [7,8].…”