Long-term risk of tuberculosis in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: a 10-year nationwide study

Abstract

HSCT is associated with an increased risk of TB in endemic regions. Older age and development of chronic GVHD are independent predictors of late onset active TB in HSCT recipients.

The incidence of tuberculosis infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: A retrospective cohort study from a center in Turkey

“…Tuberculosis is an opportunistic infection seen in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. Risk of TB infection might vary with respect to underlying illness, pretransplantation conditioning, T‐cell depletion, comorbid conditions, presence of GVHD, and corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents . There are guidelines that determine and treat LTBI with targeted TST in patients at risk .…”

The demanding attention of tuberculosis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: High incidence compared with general population

“…Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an acid-fast, aerobic bacillus, which is one of the leading infectious diseases around the world [1, 2]. Tuberculosis (TB) is also well known for a significant opportunistic infection among hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients, although it is 10 times less frequent than in solid organ transplant patients [2, 3].…”

“…Tuberculosis (TB) is also well known for a significant opportunistic infection among hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients, although it is 10 times less frequent than in solid organ transplant patients [2, 3]. The immune system of HSCT recipients are suppressed as a result of their hematologic diseases, chemotherapy, radiation, immunosuppressive therapy, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) [1]. Thus, the incidence of TB among allogeneic HSCT recipients is reportedly 2–40 times higher than that of the general population [1, 4–6].…”

“…The immune system of HSCT recipients are suppressed as a result of their hematologic diseases, chemotherapy, radiation, immunosuppressive therapy, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) [1]. Thus, the incidence of TB among allogeneic HSCT recipients is reportedly 2–40 times higher than that of the general population [1, 4–6]. In particular, diagnosis of TB is frequent in Korea, with an estimated TB incidence rate of 97 cases per 100 000 persons in the general population in 2013 according to World Health Organization report [7].…”

A unique case of tuberculosis dissemination presenting as cutaneous lesions in a post allogeneic stem cell transplant patient

“…A 10-year retrospective review in an endemic area also found a low proportion of extrapulmonary manifestations (5 compared with 34 pulmonary involvement alone). 3 Risk factors for tuberculosis infection identified in the literature include T-cell depletion, matched unrelated donors, use of steroids, conditioning regimens and underlying malignancy. 4 Making the diagnosis can be difficult in a post allogeneic stem cell transplant patient due to the atypical clinical manifestations including fever of unknown origin, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury and cholestatic jaundice.…”