Long-Term Seasonal Abundance Patterns of Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Texas High Plains

Parajulee, Megha N.; Rummel, D. R.; Arnold, Mark D.; Carroll, Stanley C.

doi:10.1093/jee/97.2.668

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Geographically, the relative population densities of Hv and Hs differ greatly across regions. Hv is a generalist on many important agricultural crops throughout the United States, and is widely distributed throughout North, Central, and South America, where its host plants are grown (e.g., Hartstack et al 1979; Lopez et al 1994; Chapin et al 1997; Parajulee et al 2004; Blanco et al 2007). However, because the abundance of Hv is related to the intensity of agricultural production, it appears to be much less abundant in Mexico (Tafoya et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hv is known to be migratory (Stadelbacher 1981; Schneider et al 1989; Han and Caprio 2004), but the migratory habits of Hs have not been described. Hz, like Hv, is a highly polyphagous and important agricultural pest in the United States as well as in Mexico (Laster 1972; Sparks et al 1979; Hartstack et al 1979; Lopez et al 1994; Parajulee et al 2004), so the geographic distribution of Hz broadly overlaps with the habitats of Hv and Hs, except where Hs is most abundant (e.g., Western Mexico). On some agricultural crops, local Hz populations can reach much higher levels than the other two heliothines (Parajulee et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hz, like Hv, is a highly polyphagous and important agricultural pest in the United States as well as in Mexico (Laster 1972; Sparks et al 1979; Hartstack et al 1979; Lopez et al 1994; Parajulee et al 2004), so the geographic distribution of Hz broadly overlaps with the habitats of Hv and Hs, except where Hs is most abundant (e.g., Western Mexico). On some agricultural crops, local Hz populations can reach much higher levels than the other two heliothines (Parajulee et al 2004). Importantly, Hz males appear to have the least fidelity for their species‐specific pheromone blend, and are attracted in relatively large numbers not only to live Hv and Hs females (Table 3), but also to artificial Hv and Hs lures (see Table S1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographic and Temporal Variation in Moth Chemical Communication

et al. 2009

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In moth pheromone communication signals, both quantitative and qualitative intraspecific differences have been found across geographic regions. Such variation has generally been hypothesized to be due to selection, but evidence of genetic control of these differences is largely lacking. To explore the patterns of variation in pheromone signals, we quantified variation in the female sex pheromone blend and male responses of two closely related noctuid moth species in five different geographic regions for 2-3 consecutive years. We found significant variation in the ratios of sex pheromone blend components as well as in male response, not only between geographic regions but also within a region between consecutive years. The temporal variation was of a similar magnitude as the geographic variation. As far as we know, this is the first study reporting such temporal variation in moth chemical communication systems. The geographic variation seems to at least partly be controlled by genetic factors, and to be correlated with the quality of the local chemical environment. However, the pattern of temporal variation within populations suggests that optimization of the pheromonal signal also may be driven by within-generation physiological adjustments by the moths in response to their experience of the local chemical environment. Kirkpatrick and Ravigne 2002). However, the evolution of behavioral isolation is poorly understood (Coyne and Orr 2004). To gain insight into the evolution of prezygotic behavioral isolation it is essential to quantify intraspecific variation in the premating signals, on which selection may operate, and biotic and abiotic factors that contribute to this variation.Premating signals are generally hypothesized to be under stabilizing selection

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographic and Temporal Variation in Moth Chemical Communication

et al. 2009

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“…Heliothis virescens is a pest on cotton, tobacco, and soybean; while H. subflexa feeds only on plants in the genus Physalis (e.g., tomatillo). Both species are difficult to control, and pheromones have been used for monitoring H. virescens moth flight and abundance (Chapin et al, 1997;Parajulee et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Mating Status Do Not Affect Transcript Levels of Odorant Receptor Genes in Male Antennae of Heliothis virescens and Heliothis subflexa

2010

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In biological systems, it is expected that gene expression levels generally will correlate with temporally varying physiological and biological needs, and that gene expression levels could regulate biological capabilities. In moth species, male response to female sex pheromones often is affected by moth age and mating status. Odorant receptors (ORs) expressed in neurons within male antennae are critical for detecting the female pheromones. Therefore, we hypothesized that the expression level of these receptor proteins would be affected by age and mating status of male moths. We examined expression levels of two OR genes that are preferentially expressed in the male antennae of Heliothis virescens (HvOR13 and HvOR15) and Heliothis subflexa (HsOR13 and HsOR15). Antennae were dissected from virgin males at 2 h, 1 d, 2 d, 4 d, and 8 d. We also dissected antennae from 4-d-old mated males. We found that age had no effect on expression levels of either OR in either species, except for a small difference in HsOR15 expression between 2 h and 8-d-old virgin males. Furthermore, we found no effect of mating status on expression level of these ORs in either species. We discuss these findings in relationship to studies of age and mating status effects on male electrophysiological and behavioral response to female pheromones, and contrast our results to studies on the effects of age and mating status on gene expression of pheromone receptor proteins and pheromone binding proteins in other moths.

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“…This method of collecting tobacco budworm was an easy and logistically feasible way of obtaining a large number of moths. Since 2003, it has become increasingly difficult to collect these moths in pheromone traps from cotton regions (Parajulee et al 2004, Blanco et al 2005). Therefore, it is very important to improve methods to achieve the best genetic representation of these field-collected males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of rhodamine B into male tobacco budworm moths Heliothis virescens to use as a marker for mating studies

Blanco

Perera

Ray³

et al. 2006

Journal of Insect Science

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Rhodamine B, a dye commonly used in a variety of biological studies was incorporated into the bodies of male tobacco budworm moths, Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), by allowing them to feed freely on 0.1% rhodamine dissolved in a 10% sucrose solution. After exposing males for one to three days to this pigment, rhodamine was clearly detectable in >82% of spermatophores extracted from untreated females. The intake of this dye did not affect the life span, the production of eggs or the capacity of moths to copulate when compared with moths fed only a sucrose solution or water. Rhodamine B was easily identifiable externally but was more apparent internally in males after only one day of exposure to the pigment. Even at this short feeding duration, rhodamine was detectable in >50% of males 5 days after feeding stopped. Longer exposure to the dye significantly increased the percentage stained. Detection of rhodamine was slightly enhanced by the use of ultraviolet light. The dye accumulation in internal abdominal organs was a better indicator of the presence of the pigment than external contamination of the moth. The use of the method described in this report can be a tool for the rapid incorporation of a low cost dye in the tobacco budworm for biological, behavioral and genetic studies.

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Long-Term Seasonal Abundance Patterns of Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Texas High Plains

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Geographic and Temporal Variation in Moth Chemical Communication

Geographic and Temporal Variation in Moth Chemical Communication

Age and Mating Status Do Not Affect Transcript Levels of Odorant Receptor Genes in Male Antennae of Heliothis virescens and Heliothis subflexa

Incorporation of rhodamine B into male tobacco budworm moths Heliothis virescens to use as a marker for mating studies

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