Long-term sequelae following previous coronavirus epidemics

O’Sullivan, Oliver

doi:10.7861/clinmed.2020-0204

Cited by 113 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Interestingly, similar observations of long-term sequelae has been reported following the SARS-CoV-1 outbreak of 2003 (22), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak of 2012 as well (23). The survivors from the previous two CoV epidemics were found to experience persistent shortness of breath, fatigue, mental health problems and reduced quality of life that constituted a kind of post-acute viral syndrome (23). A oneyear follow-up study of SARS survivors reported a significant reduction in mental health (24).…”

Section: Definition Of Post-acute Covid-19supporting

confidence: 74%

“…In addition to posing as risk factors for the disease itself, factors such as age, frailty and presence of comorbidities, they also modulate the long-term impact of the disease. Interestingly, similar observations of long-term sequelae has been reported following the SARS-CoV-1 outbreak of 2003 (22), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak of 2012 as well (23). The survivors from the previous two CoV epidemics were found to experience persistent shortness of breath, fatigue, mental health problems and reduced quality of life that constituted a kind of post-acute viral syndrome (23).…”

Section: Definition Of Post-acute Covid-19supporting

confidence: 60%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Unraveling the Mystery Surrounding Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More than one year since its emergence, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still looming large with a paucity of treatment options. To add to this burden, a sizeable subset of patients who have recovered from acute COVID-19 infection have reported lingering symptoms, leading to significant disability and impairment of their daily life activities. These patients are considered to suffer from what has been termed as “chronic” or “long” COVID-19 or a form of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, and patients experiencing this syndrome have been termed COVID-19 long-haulers. Despite recovery from infection, the persistence of atypical chronic symptoms, including extreme fatigue, shortness of breath, joint pains, brain fogs, anxiety and depression, that could last for months implies an underlying disease pathology that persist beyond the acute presentation of the disease. As opposed to the direct effects of the virus itself, the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is believed to be largely responsible for the appearance of these lasting symptoms, possibly through facilitating an ongoing inflammatory process. In this review, we hypothesize potential immunological mechanisms underlying these persistent and prolonged effects, and describe the multi-organ long-term manifestations of COVID-19.

show abstract

Section: Definition Of Post-acute Covid-19supporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Definition Of Post-acute Covid-19supporting

confidence: 60%

Unraveling the Mystery Surrounding Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is important as there is considerable concern that COVID-19 disease triggers post-viral fatigue syndromes [26][27][28][29]. During follow-up in survivors of other coronaviruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), 64% reported fatigue at 3 months, 54% at 6 months and 60% at 12 months [30,31]. Following Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), 48% had clinically relevant fatigue after 12 months [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Efficacy of Systemic Enzymes and Probiotics in the Resolution of Post-COVID Fatigue

Rathi¹,

Jadhav²,

Shah

2021

Medicines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Muscle fatigue and cognitive disturbances persist in patients after recovery from acute COVID-19 disease. However, there are no specific treatments for post-COVID fatigue. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the health supplements ImmunoSEB (systemic enzyme complex) and ProbioSEB CSC3 (probiotic complex) in patients suffering from COVID-19 induced fatigue. A randomized, multicentric, double blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 200 patients with a complaint of post-COVID fatigue. The test arm (n = 100) received the oral supplements for 14 days and the control arm (n = 100) received a placebo. Treatment efficacy was compared using the Chalder Fatigue scale (CFQ-11), at various time points from days 1 to 14. The supplemental treatment resulted in resolution of fatigue in a greater percentage of subjects in the test vs. the control arm (91% vs. 15%) on day 14. Subjects in the test arm showed a significantly greater reduction in total as well as physical and mental fatigue scores at all time points vs. the control arm. The supplements were well tolerated with no adverse events reported. This study demonstrates that a 14 days supplementation of ImmunoSEB + ProbioSEB CSC3 resolves post-COVID-19 fatigue and can improve patients’ functional status and quality of life.

show abstract

“… 13 , 14 Related coronavirus diseases, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and SARS, have also been shown to induce long-term metabolic changes in recovered patients pertaining to hypertriglyceridemia, disorders of glucose metabolism, and liver function, further underlying the considerable need to support recovery and repair of the body during the post-COVID period. 15 , 16 The similarities between the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks also extend to the neurological consequences, with 54% of patients experiencing fatigue and 60% experiencing sleep disturbances 6 months post infection. 17 In some patients recovering from severe infection, residual postmedication treatment side effects have been reported: (i) hydroxychloroquine and cardiotoxicity; and (ii) long-term use of painkillers and renal and gastrointestinal dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incomplete Systemic Recovery and Metabolic Phenoreversion in Post-Acute-Phase Nonhospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Assessment of Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a multivariate metabotyping approach to assess the functional recovery of nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients and the possible biochemical sequelae of “Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome”, colloquially known as long-COVID. Blood samples were taken from patients ca. 3 months after acute COVID-19 infection with further assessment of symptoms at 6 months. Some 57% of the patients had one or more persistent symptoms including respiratory-related symptoms like cough, dyspnea, and rhinorrhea or other nonrespiratory symptoms including chronic fatigue, anosmia, myalgia, or joint pain. Plasma samples were quantitatively analyzed for lipoproteins, glycoproteins, amino acids, biogenic amines, and tryptophan pathway intermediates using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Metabolic data for the follow-up patients ( n = 27) were compared with controls ( n = 41) and hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 positive patients ( n = 18, with multiple time-points). Univariate and multivariate statistics revealed variable patterns of functional recovery with many patients exhibiting residual COVID-19 biomarker signatures. Several parameters were persistently perturbed, e.g., elevated taurine ( p = 3.6 × 10 –3 versus controls) and reduced glutamine/glutamate ratio ( p = 6.95 × 10 –8 versus controls), indicative of possible liver and muscle damage and a high energy demand linked to more generalized tissue repair or immune function. Some parameters showed near-complete normalization, e.g., the plasma apolipoprotein B100/A1 ratio was similar to that of healthy controls but significantly lower ( p = 4.2 × 10 –3 ) than post-acute COVID-19 patients, reflecting partial reversion of the metabolic phenotype (phenoreversion) toward the healthy metabolic state. Plasma neopterin was normalized in all follow-up patients, indicative of a reduction in the adaptive immune activity that has been previously detected in active SARS-CoV-2 infection. Other systemic inflammatory biomarkers such as GlycA and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio remained elevated in some, but not all, patients. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal-partial least-squares discriminant analysis (O-PLS-DA) showed that the follow-up patients were, as a group, metabolically distinct from controls and partially comapped with the acute-phase patients. Significant systematic metabolic differences between asymptomatic and symptomatic follow-up patients were also observed for multiple metabolites. The overall metabolic variance of the symptomatic patients was significantly greater than that of nonsymptomatic patients for multiple parameters (χ 2 p = 0.014). Thus, asymptomatic follow-up patients including those with post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome displayed a ...

show abstract

Long-term sequelae following previous coronavirus epidemics

Cited by 113 publications

References 28 publications

Unraveling the Mystery Surrounding Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19

Unraveling the Mystery Surrounding Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19

A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Efficacy of Systemic Enzymes and Probiotics in the Resolution of Post-COVID Fatigue

Incomplete Systemic Recovery and Metabolic Phenoreversion in Post-Acute-Phase Nonhospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Assessment of Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About