Long-term simian research sites: significance for theory and conservation

Chapman, Colin A.; Corriveau, Amélie; Schoof, Valérie A. M.; Twinomugisha, Dennis; Valenta, Kim

doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyw157

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Understanding the evolution of primate social systems, which show high degree of variability between species, is one of the main aims of primatology (Chapman et al, ; Kappeler & van Schaik, ; Kappeler et al, ). The social system of a species is characterized by three inter‐related components (Kappeler & van Schaik, ): the social structure which refers to the pattern of social interactions among members of a group and the resulting relationships; the mating system which describes who mates with whom (mating decisions) and reproductive consequences (timing of mating); and the social organization, that is, the composition of groups, including the number of reproducing males and females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐specific variation in social organization of Strepsirrhines

Agnani

Kauffmann

Hayes

et al. 2018

American J Primatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Strepsirrhines, that is, lemurs, galagos, and lorises, are considered basal primates, making them important to understand the evolution of primate sociality. Apart from some lemurs, they are nocturnal and solitary living, though the view of their sociality nature has changed with field studies being completed. We conducted a review of the primary literature about the social organization (group composition) of strepsirrhines, with the aim to determine whether intra-specific variation in social organization (IVSO) occurs and to determine how many species are pair-living, group-living, or solitary living. We found data in 83 peer-reviewed studies for 43 of the 132 strepsirrhine species and compared our results using two databases on social systems of mammals published in 2011 and 2013. While it is often assumed that primates show relatively fixed social organizations, we found that 60.5% of species for which data exist have IVSO. We found only 7% of the species to be truly solitary living (with 34.9% additional species to be sometimes solitary living), which is in contrast to the other databases, which had reported 60.9% and 37.7% of species to be solitary. We further explored group compositions by designating "functional groups" (e.g., foraging, breeding, and infant care groups). While functional groups might explain IVSO within a single species, this was not consistent over species with IVSO, such that IVSO was poorly explained by functional groups. Our study supports the view that most strepsirrhines are social (58.1% of species with another 34.9% of species sometimes living in pairs or groups) and show complex and often variable social organizations; reinforcing the assumption that the ancestor of all primates was social and not solitary.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐specific variation in social organization of Strepsirrhines

Agnani

Kauffmann

Hayes

et al. 2018

American J Primatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another advantage of primates is methodological characteristics of primate behavioral ecology. Primates are typically long-lived animals with slow life histories, and long-term studies that have been ongoing continuously for approximately a decade or more, are relatively common [60, 61]. Traditionally, primatologists have made individual long-term observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agent-based simulation for reconstructing social structure by observing collective movements with special reference to single-file movement

Koda

Matsuda

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding social organization is fundamental for the analysis of animal societies. In this study, animal single-file movement data --serialized order movements generated by simple bottom-up rules of collective movements --are informative and effective observations for the reconstruction of animal social structures using agent-based models. For simulation, artificial 2-dimensional spatial distributions were prepared with the simple assumption of clustered structures of a group. Animals in the group are either independent or dependent agents. Independent agents distribute spatially independently each one another, while dependent agents distribute depending on the distribution of independent agents. Artificial agent spatial distributions aim to represent clustered structures of agent locations --a coupling of "core" or "keystone" subjects and "subordinate" or "follower" subjects. Collective movements were simulated following two simple rules, 1) initiators of the movement are randomly chosen, and 2) the next moving agent is always the nearest neighbor of the last moving agents, generating "single-file movement" data. Finally, social networks were visualized, and clustered structures reconstructed using a recent major social network analysis (SNA) algorithm, the Louvain algorithm, for rapid unfolding of communities in large networks. Simulations revealed possible reconstruction of clustered social structures using relatively minor observations of single-file movement, suggesting possible application of single-file movement observations for SNA use in field investigations of wild animals.• An agent-based model was developed to test if animal single-file movement is informative for the reconstruction of clustered social structures.• Single-file movement data sets were generated with simple bottom-up rules of collective movements.• Simulations showed possible reconstruction of clustered structures for most combinations of parameter settings.• Latent structures of clustered animal groups might be identified by collective movement observations, and single-file movement may be practically applied to wildlife investigations.2

show abstract

“…Furthermore, primates are good flagship species when new habitat is needed to respond to climate change. The rationale for advocating primates as flagship species with respect to climate change is that a great deal of information is becoming available from long-term primate research sites that quantify the cascading effects of climate change on these charismatic animals [Altmann et al, 2002;Chapman et al, 2017;Strier et al, 2017;Kalbitzer and Chapman, 2018]. Climate change will not only influence the extent of available habitat; it will influence the trees in the remaining forests that provide food resources to animals.…”

Section: Primates As Flagship Species In Restoration Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This long evaluation is needed because first the tree community must become established and grow, and then the longer-lived primates must respond. It is ironic that at a time when there is such a clear need for effective restoration, funding for long-term research is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain [Chapman et al, 2017;Hayes and Carsten, 2017].…”

Section: Necessary Next Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primates Can Be a Rallying Symbol to Promote Tropical Forest Restoration

Chapman

Bicca‐Marques

Dunham

et al. 2020

IJFP

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With 60% of all primate species now threatened with extinction and many species only persisting in small populations in forest fragments, conservation action is urgently needed. But what type of action? Here we argue that restoration of primate habitat will be an essential component of strategies aimed at conserving primates and preventing the extinctions that may occur before the end of the century and propose that primates can act as flagship species for restoration efforts. To do this we gathered a team of academics from around the world with experience in restoration so that we could provide examples of why primate restoration ecology is needed, outline how primates can act as flagship species for restoration efforts of tropical forest, review what little is known about how primate populations respond to restoration efforts, and make specific recommendations of the next steps needed to make restoration of primate populations successful. We set four priorities: (1) academics must effectively communicate both the value of primates and the need for restoration; (2) more research is needed on how primates contribute to forest restoration; (3) more effort must be put into Masters and PhD level training for tropical country nationals; and finally (4) more emphasis is needed to monitor the responses of regenerating forest and primate populations where restoration efforts are initiated. We are optimistic that populations of many threatened species can recover, and extinctions can be prevented, but only if concerted large-scale efforts are made soon and if these efforts include primate habitat restoration.

show abstract

Long-term simian research sites: significance for theory and conservation

Cited by 28 publications

References 76 publications

Intra‐specific variation in social organization of Strepsirrhines

Intra‐specific variation in social organization of Strepsirrhines

Agent-based simulation for reconstructing social structure by observing collective movements with special reference to single-file movement

Primates Can Be a Rallying Symbol to Promote Tropical Forest Restoration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About