Long-term sky islands generate highly divergent lineages of a narrowly distributed stream salamander (Pachyhynobius shangchengensis) in mid-latitude mountains of East Asia

Wang, Hui; Orozco‐terWengel, Pablo; Hu, Chaochao; Wu, Guiyou; Qian, Lifu; Sun, Zhonglou; Shi, Wenbo; Yan, Peng; Xiao-bing, WU; Zhang, Baowei

doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1333-8

Cited by 69 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In this study, although O. tormota is a narrowly distributed species, each population still harbored relatively high levels of genetic diversity compared with other narrowly distributed amphibia (Table ), such as the Majorcan midwife toad ( Alytes muletensis ) in the mountainous regions of Majorca, red‐bellied newt ( Taricha rivularis ) in northern California in the United States, Sonoran tiger salamander ( Ambystoma mavortium stebbinsi ) in the San Pedro River of Arizona in the United States, Leora's stream salamander ( A. leorae ) in Iztaccihuatl‐Popocatepetl National Park of Mexico, Fourche Mountain salamander ( Plethodon fourchensis ) in the Ouachita Mountains of the central United States, and dwarf black‐bellied salamander ( Desmognathus folkertsi ) in the United States (Kraaijeveld‐Smit et al ., ; Shepard & Burbrink, ; Wooten, Camp & Rissler, ; Reilly et al ., ; Storfer et al ., ; Sunny et al ., ). In addition, the O. tormota genetic diversity was slightly lower than that of the Shangcheng stout salamander ( Pachyhynobius shangchengensis ) in the Dabie Mountains of eastern China and the Leishan spiny toad ( Leptobrachium leishanense ) in south‐western China, which were described having high genetic diversity (Zhang et al ., ; Pan et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This phenomenon has also been observed in species from mid‐latitude Europe, such as the Maltese wall lizard ( Podarcis filfolensis ; Salvi et al ., ) and Italian wall lizard ( P. siculus ; Senczuk et al ., ). Our study further showed that some temperate species in mid‐latitude regions that are insensitive to environmental changes may have undergone attenuated glacial population contractions, or even experienced population expansion (Salvi et al ., ; Senczuk et al ., ; Pan et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In this study, EBSP revealed that O. tormota experienced an effective population size expansion since 0.075 Mya and reached the largest population size around 0.017 Mya; this finding was also supported by the neutral tests, mismatch distribution analysis, and a star‐like network. The demographic expansion of O. tormota during this period is consistent with many species in East Asia, such as the Shangcheng stout salamander ( P. shangchengensis ; Pan et al ., ), Chinese bamboo partridge ( B. thoracica ; Huang et al ., ), Chinese hwamei ( Leucodioptron canorum ) (Li et al ., ), and tufted deer ( Elaphodus cephalophus ) (Sun et al ., ). This phenomenon has also been observed in species from mid‐latitude Europe, such as the Maltese wall lizard ( Podarcis filfolensis ; Salvi et al ., ) and Italian wall lizard ( P. siculus ; Senczuk et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last million years, climatic changes associated with Pleistocene glacial cycles are thought to have caused montane species to expand and contract along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients, which led to current species distributions and interpopulation gene flow patterns (Hewitt, 2004;Zhou et al, 2010;Ikeda et al, 2017). However, among different animal groups, the influence of Pleistocene climate cycles on population demographics varied (Hewitt, 2004;Schmitt, 2007;Yan, Luo & Wu, 2011;Wang et al, 2015;Sun et al, 2016;Pan et al, 2019). For example, many organisms that are sensitive to environmental changes retreated to southern regions and recolonized their original northern ranges in response to the severe Pleistocene climate fluctuations, especially in Europe and North America (Hewitt, 2004;Schmitt, 2007;Huang et al, 2010;Ding et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2016); in contrast, insensitive species have similar original and present-day ranges (Li et al, 2009;Huang et al, 2010;Salvi et al, 2014;Sun et al, 2016;Senczuk et al, 2017;Pan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…East Asia is characterized by a mosaic of mountains and likely experienced a relatively mild Pleistocene climate (Rost, 1994;Weaver et al, 1998;Ju, Wang & Jiang, 2007). The climatic conditions in East Asia led to major differences in the magnitude and timing of historical climate impact on population demography of species endemic to this area (Li et al, 2009;Huang et al, 2010;Yan et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2016;Pan et al, 2019). To further elucidate the impact of Pleistocene climate change on population fluctuations of East Asian species, especially amphibians with narrow distributions, further studies on population demography of montane species in this region are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of dispersal barriers and geographic distance on the genetic structure of a narrowly distributed frog in a spatially structured landscape

et al. 2019

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Landscape features (e.g., mountains and rivers) can act as barriers to dispersal and gene flow, and therefore impede population connectivity, increasing genetic differentiation between populations. The concave‐eared torrent frog (Odorrana tormota) is a rare, stream‐associated species in eastern China. In this study, we investigated the genetic structure and population demography of this narrowly distributed frog based on mitochondrial Cyt b gene and seven nuclear microsatellite loci. As a result, we found that the rare frog still preserved a relatively high level of genetic diversity compared to some other amphibia. Population structure analyses distinctly identified three or four tentative genetic clusters for the species in the study area. Additionally, by fine‐scale spatial autocorrelation analysis, significant positive genetic structure was uncovered in the shortest distance classes (0–5 km, 5–10 km). Demographic analyses revealed a population expansion (0.075–0.017 Mya) and 15 times population decline (c. 9000 years ago). In conclusion, we supposed that stable montane environments and associated historical population expansion might provide an opportunity for the species to harbor high genetic diversity. The relatively recent population decline might be correlated with climate change as well as genetic differentiation among populations. In addition, our results showed that, on a small landscape scale, dispersal is closely linked to geographic distance and the presence of river systems may not substantially affect the genetic structure for the narrowly distributed O. tormota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of dispersal barriers and geographic distance on the genetic structure of a narrowly distributed frog in a spatially structured landscape

et al. 2019

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Melanic pigmentation and light preference within and between two Drosophila species

Cooley

Schmitz

Cabrera

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Environmental adaptation and species divergence often involve suites of co‐evolving traits. Pigmentation in insects presents a variable, adaptive, and well‐characterized class of phenotypes for which correlations with multiple other traits have been demonstrated. In Drosophila, the pigmentation genes ebony and tan have pleiotropic effects on flies' response to light, creating the potential for correlated evolution of pigmentation and vision. Here, we investigate differences in light preference within and between two sister species, Drosophila americana and D. novamexicana, which differ in pigmentation in part because of evolution at ebony and tan and occupy environments that differ in many variables including solar radiation. We hypothesized that lighter pigmentation would be correlated with a greater preference for environmental light and tested this hypothesis using a habitat choice experiment. In a first set of experiments, using males of D. novamexicana line N14 and D. americana line A00, the light‐bodied D. novamexicana was found slightly but significantly more often than D. americana in the light habitat. A second experiment, which included additional lines and females as well as males, failed to find any significant difference between D. novamexicana‐N14 and D. americana‐A00. Additionally, the other dark line of D. americana (A04) was found in the light habitat more often than the light‐bodied D. novamexicana‐N14, in contrast to our predictions. However, the lightest line of D. americana, A01, was found substantially and significantly more often in the light habitat than the two darker lines of D. americana, thus providing partial support for our hypothesis. Finally, across all four lines, females were found more often in the light habitat than their more darkly pigmented male counterparts. Additional replication is needed to corroborate these findings and evaluate conflicting results, with the consistent effect of sex within and between species providing an especially intriguing avenue for further research.

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A shift to shorter cuticular hydrocarbons accompanies sexual isolation amongDrosophila americanagroup populations

et al. 2021

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Because sensory signals often evolve rapidly, they could be instrumental in the emergence of reproductive isolation between species. However, pinpointing their specific contribution to isolating barriers, and the mechanisms underlying their divergence, remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate sexual isolation due to divergence in chemical signals between two populations of Drosophila americana (SC and NE) and one population of D. novamexicana, and dissect its underlying phenotypic and genetic mechanisms. Mating trials revealed strong sexual isolation between Drosophila novamexicana males and SC Drosophila americana females, as well as more moderate bi‐directional isolation between D. americana populations. Mating behavior data indicate SC D. americana males have the highest courtship efficiency and, unlike males of the other populations, are accepted by females of all species. Quantification of cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles—chemosensory signals that are used for species recognition and mate finding in Drosophila—shows that the SC D. americana population differs from the other populations primarily on the basis of compound carbon chain‐length. Moreover, manipulation of male CHC composition via heterospecific perfuming—specifically perfuming D. novamexicana males with SC D. americana males—abolishes their sexual isolation from these D. americana females. Of a set of candidates, a single gene—elongase CG17821—had patterns of gene expression consistent with a role in CHC differences between species. Sequence comparisons indicate D. novamexicana and our Nebraska (NE) D. americana population share a derived CG17821 truncation mutation that could also contribute to their shared “short” CHC phenotype. Together, these data suggest an evolutionary model for the origin and spread of this allele and its consequences for CHC divergence and sexual isolation in this group.

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Long-term sky islands generate highly divergent lineages of a narrowly distributed stream salamander (Pachyhynobius shangchengensis) in mid-latitude mountains of East Asia

Cited by 69 publications

References 82 publications

Effects of dispersal barriers and geographic distance on the genetic structure of a narrowly distributed frog in a spatially structured landscape

Effects of dispersal barriers and geographic distance on the genetic structure of a narrowly distributed frog in a spatially structured landscape

Melanic pigmentation and light preference within and between two Drosophila species

A shift to shorter cuticular hydrocarbons accompanies sexual isolation amongDrosophila americanagroup populations

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