Long-term spatial distributions and trends of ambient CO concentrations in the central Taiwan Basin

Lin, Yu Chi; Lan, Yung Yao; Tsuang, Ben‐Jei; Engling, Guenter

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.01.013

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Existing emissions inventories and source-receptor matrices can be used to connect changes in emissions to changes in specific pollutants [ 27 - 31 ]. Backwards trajectory modeling has been used to determine pollutant sources and locations [ 32 - 36 ], and this information can then be used to estimate how changes in pollutant emissions will affect concentrations at various locales. Regional air quality modeling systems, such as the USEPA's Models-3/Community Multi-Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model in conjunction with meteorological models, link data on meteorology, emissions, and land-use to generate gridded estimates of pollutants, including O 3 and PM at various size fractions [ 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancillary human health benefits of improved air quality resulting from climate change mitigation

et al. 2008

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Background: Greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policies can provide ancillary benefits in terms of short-term improvements in air quality and associated health benefits. Several studies have analyzed the ancillary impacts of GHG policies for a variety of locations, pollutants, and policies. In this paper we review the existing evidence on ancillary health benefits relating to air pollution from various GHG strategies and provide a framework for such analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancillary human health benefits of improved air quality resulting from climate change mitigation

et al. 2008

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“…For estimation of the HCHO production rate, isoprene, apinene, and b-pinene were considered as the BVOCs that were primarily observed in the campaigns, and OH and O 3 were the oxidants. The OH concentration was estimated from a graph for summer OH in the literature 53 similar to that of the previous work, 54 and the other concentrations, ambient temperature and solar irradiation were measured simultaneously. The parameters, k ij and g ij , used are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Production and Loss Of Formaldehyde In Forest Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile monitoring along a street canyon and stationary forest air monitoring of formaldehyde by means of a micro-gas analysis system

et al. 2012

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A micro-gas analysis system (μGAS) was developed for mobile monitoring and continuous measurements of atmospheric HCHO. HCHO gas was trapped into an absorbing/reaction solution continuously using a microchannel scrubber in which the microchannels were patterned in a honeycomb structure to form a wide absorbing area with a thin absorbing solution layer. Fluorescence was monitored after reaction of the collected HCHO with 2,4-pentanedione (PD) in the presence of acetic acid/ammonium acetate. The system was portable, battery-driven, highly sensitive (limit of detection = 0.01 ppbv) and had good time resolution (response time 50 s). The results revealed that the PD chemistry was subject to interference from O(3). The mechanism of this interference was investigated and the problem was addressed by incorporating a wet denuder. Mobile monitoring was performed along traffic roads, and elevated HCHO levels in a street canyon were evident upon mapping of the obtained data. The system was also applied to stationary monitoring in a forest in which HCHO formed naturally via reaction of biogenic compounds with oxidants. Concentrations of a few ppbv-HCHO and several-tens of ppbv of O(3) were then simultaneously monitored with the μGAS in forest air monitoring campaigns. The obtained 1 h average data were compared with those obtained by 1 h impinger collection and offsite GC-MS analysis after derivatization with o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBOA). From the obtained data in the forest, daily variations of chemical HCHO production and loss are discussed.

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“…The global budget for CO is estimated between 2.2-2.5 PgC yr -1 , with around 65% of anthropogenic origin. Annual CO emissions are estimated between 500-750 Tg from large-scale biomass burning, between 500 and Tg from fossil and domestic fuel burning, between 700-800 Tg from CH oxidation and around 100 Tg from natural sources (Bergamasschi et al, 2000;Holloway et al, 2000;Duncan et al, 2007;IPCC, 2007;Lin et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, industrialisation in western nations during 1950-1980 resulted in an average global growth rate of around ~1 % CO yr -1 (1-2 ppb CO yr -1 ) due to increased fossil fuel combustion (Zander et al, 1989;Yurganov et al, 1999). Since the 1990s, the introduction of policies to control CO emissions from vehicular sources in Europe and North America have decreased ambient CO by between 10-50 % in urban areas (Kuebler et al, 2001;Bigi and Harrison, 2010;von Schneidemesser et al, 2010), while rural and semi-rural areas experienced reductions of 5-25 % (0.1-10 ppb CO yr -1 ) (Simmonds et al, 1997;Lin et al, 2008;Worden et al, 2013;Kumar et al, 2013). By contrast, rapid economic development of Asian nations since the 1990s has greatly increased CO emissions, which compensate globally for emissions reduction in Europe and North America (Kumar et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal, seasonal, and annual trends in tropospheric CO in Southwest London during 2000–2015: Wind sector analysis and comparisons with urban and remote sites

Hernández‐Paniagua

Lowry

Clemitshaw

et al. 2018

Atmospheric Environment

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Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) and meteorological parameters measured at the Egham (EGH) semi-rural site in SW London during 2000–2015 have permitted wind sector analysis of diurnal and seasonal cycles, and interpretation of long-term trends. CO daily amplitudes are used as a proxy for anthropogenic emissions. At EGH, morning and evening peaks in CO arise from the dominant contribution of road transport sources. Smaller amplitudes are observed during weekends than weekdays due to lower combustion emissions, and for mornings compared to evenings due to the timing of the development and break-up of the nocturnal inversion layer or planetary boundary layer (PBL). A wavelet transform revealed that the dominant mode of CO variability is the annual cycle, with apparent winter maxima likely due to increased CO emissions from domestic heating with summer minima ascribed to enhanced dispersion and dilution during the annual maximum of PBL mixing heights. Over the last two decades, both mitigation measures to reduce CO emissions and also a major switch to diesel cars, have accompanied a change at EGH from the dominance of local diurnal sources to a site measuring close to Atlantic background levels in summer months. CO observed in the S and SW wind sectors has declined by 4.7 and 5.9 ppb yr−1 respectively. The EGH CO record shows the highest levels in the early 2000s, with levels in E and calm winds comparable to those recorded at background stations in Greater London. However, since 2012, levels in S-SW sector have become more comparable with Mace Head background except during rush-hour periods. Marked declines in CO are observed during 2000–2008 for the NE, E, SE (London) and calm wind sectors, with the smallest declines observed for the S, SW and W (background) sectors. For the majority of wind sectors, the decline in CO is less noticeable since 2008, with an apparent stabilisation for NE, E and SE after 2009. The EGH CO data record exhibits a similar but slower exponential decay, but from a much lower starting concentration, than do CO data recorded at selected monitoring sites in urban areas in SE England. CO/CO2 residuals determined using a 1 h window data in the diurnal cycle demonstrate a clear decline in CO from 2000 to 2015 during daily periods of increased vehicle traffic, which is consistent with a sustained reduction in CO emissions from the road transport sector

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Long-term spatial distributions and trends of ambient CO concentrations in the central Taiwan Basin

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Ancillary human health benefits of improved air quality resulting from climate change mitigation

Ancillary human health benefits of improved air quality resulting from climate change mitigation

Mobile monitoring along a street canyon and stationary forest air monitoring of formaldehyde by means of a micro-gas analysis system

Diurnal, seasonal, and annual trends in tropospheric CO in Southwest London during 2000–2015: Wind sector analysis and comparisons with urban and remote sites

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