Long-term spectral occupancy findings in Chicago

Taher, Tanim; Bacchus, Roger; Zdunek, Kenneth; Roberson, Dennis

doi:10.1109/dyspan.2011.5936195

Cited by 105 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A comparison is made against the reported average occupancy of bands used for television broadcasting as well as those used for mobile cellular communications in Chicago, Vienna (Virginia) and Dublin (Ireland) [5,10,6]. The values presented in Table 3 Certain observations can be made from Table 3 It must be noted that regulatory policy surrounding frequency planning differs amongst these locations.…”

Section: Comparative Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Spectrum occupancy investigation: Measurements in South Africa

2013

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Regulatory bodies have predicted an impending shortage in commercial radio frequency spectrum in the near future.However, due to outdated regulatory practices, many of these bands are in fact inefficiently underutilised. Spectrum measurement campaigns have be carried out around the world to determine the extent to which this is true. However, there still seems to be a lack of knowledge regarding spectrum occupancy in South Africa. A spectrum measurement system was thus designed and employed to measure the spectrum occupancy of the ultra-high frequency (UHF), global system for mobile communications (GSM) 900 MHz and GSM 1800 MHz bands through a measurement campaign in the Hatfield area of Pretoria, South Africa. A method for determining spectrum occupancy, from raw spectrum measurements, has been described and used to calculate the average spectrum occupancy of these bands. Occupancy in the UHF band was found to be fairly constant at approximately only 20%. While the maximum occupancy of the GSM 900 MHz band was calculated to be much higher at approximately 92% and that of the GSM 1800 band to be approximately 40%. However, the GSM 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands did exhibit fluctuations in occupancy of between 10% and 20% respectively according to the time of day. Slight variations in occupancy of between 1% and 3% were also evident over the days of the week. These results are placed into context by a comparison with the findings of various other measurement campaigns from around the world. When compared, occupancy was generally found to be lower in the UHF bands but higher in the mobile bands.

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Section: Comparative Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Spectrum occupancy investigation: Measurements in South Africa

2013

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“…While similar measurements have previously been conducted [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,2,15,16,17,18,19], this article provides practical insight into the challenge faced by CR networks due to SS and the hidden node problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Amongst others, campaigns were carried out in New York City, NY [7], Chicago, IL [8,2], Auckland, New Zealand [9], Barcelona, Spain [13], Aachen, Germany [11,14], Maastricht, The Netherlands [12,14], Dublin, Ireland [10], Manama, Bahrain, [18], Bogota, Colombia [19] and Cape Town, South Africa [15]. Selected results obtained from these campaigns are summarised in Table 4.…”

Section: International Occupancy Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To meet this demand, traditional spectrum management policies need to be revised so as to ensure more efficient usage of this scarce resource. The impending switch over from analogue to digital broadcast television (TV) provides regulators with such an opportunity, since large portions of spectrum in the very high frequency (VHF) and ultra-high frequency (UHF) bands, also referred to as TV white spaces (TVWS), may be freed up as a result of this process, e.g., 75 MHz was found to have been freed up in Chicago [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral occupation of TV broadcast bands: Measurement and analysis

2016

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The findings of a TV broadcast spectrum measurement campaign, performed at six different locations on the Hatfield campus of the University of Pretoria, are presented. Since the use of television white spaces (TVWS) could help to alleviate the impending spectrum crunch, the motivation for the study was to identify possibly unused bands for use by emerging technologies, such as cognitive radio, and also to address the hidden node problem associated with spectrum sensing (SS). This was achieved by comparing measured data to both actual TV channel allocations and a geo-location database (GLDB) for the Tshwane metropolitan area (city of Pretoria). Localised measurements indicated that a number of TVWS opportunities existed, with between 216 and 376 MHz of spectrum found to be potentially available for secondary usage. However, a comparison with TV channel allocations (256 MHz free) and the GLDB (96 MHz free) highlighted the effect of the hidden node problem.

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“…Fortunately, many studies have demonstrated that several portions of the radio spectrum are not in use for significant periods of time [7,8], enabling to exploit such bands in a more dynamic way, i.e. to use the silent periods of the license owners to deploy secondary services in the same frequency interval.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Employing a Savitzky-Golay Filtering Stage to Improve Performance of Spectrum Sensing in CR Applications Concerning VDSA Approach

Angrisani

Capriglione

Cerro

et al. 2016

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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In this paper, a filtering stage based on employing a Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter is proposed to be used in the spectrum sensing phase of a Cognitive Radio (CR) communication paradigm for Vehicular Dynamic Spectrum Access (VDSA). It is used to smooth the acquired spectra, which constitute the input for a spectrum sensing algorithm. The sensing phase is necessary, since VDSA is based on an opportunistic approach to the spectral resource, and the opportunities are represented by the user-free spectrum zones, to be detected through the sensing phase. Each filter typology presents peculiarities in terms of its computational cost, de-noising ability and signal shape reconstruction. The SG filtering properties are compared with those of the linear Moving Average (MA) filter, widely used in the CR framework. Important improvements are proposed.

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Long-term spectral occupancy findings in Chicago

Cited by 105 publications

References 8 publications

Spectrum occupancy investigation: Measurements in South Africa

Spectrum occupancy investigation: Measurements in South Africa

Spectral occupation of TV broadcast bands: Measurement and analysis

On Employing a Savitzky-Golay Filtering Stage to Improve Performance of Spectrum Sensing in CR Applications Concerning VDSA Approach

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