Long term study on the effect of mollusciciding with niclosamide in streamhabitats on the transmission of schistosomiasis mansoni after community-basedchemotherapy in Makueni District, Kenya

Kariuki, H. Curtis; Madsen, Henry; Ouma, John H.; Butterworth, Anthony E.; Dunne, David W.; Booth, Mark; Kimani, G K; Mwatha, Joseph K.; Muchiri, Eric M.; Vennervald, Birgitte J.

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-107

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This potential unimodal relationship between snail density and human risk of exposure could drive the success or failure of current and proposed methods of schistosome control, which depend on reducing the density of snail vectors through molluscicides or predatory biocontrol (Kariuki et al . ; Sokolow et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Bioenergetic theory predicts infection dynamics of human schistosomes in intermediate host snails across ecological gradients

et al. 2018

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Epidemiological dynamics depend on the traits of hosts and parasites, but hosts and parasites are heterogeneous entities that exist in dynamic environments. Resource availability is a particularly dynamic and potent environmental driver of within-host infection dynamics (temporal patterns of growth, reproduction, parasite production and survival). We developed, parameterised and validated a model for resource-explicit infection dynamics by incorporating a parasitism module into dynamic energy budget theory. The model mechanistically explained the dynamic multivariate responses of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni and its intermediate host snail to variation in resources and host density. At the population level, feedbacks mediated by resource competition could create a unimodal relationship between snail density and human risk of exposure to schistosomes. Consequently, weak snail control could backfire if reductions in snail density release remaining hosts from resource competition. If resource competition is strong and relevant to schistosome production in nature, it could inform control strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Bioenergetic theory predicts infection dynamics of human schistosomes in intermediate host snails across ecological gradients

et al. 2018

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“…4, Table 1, and SI Appendix, Table S2). The timing of snail collection was planned to take place in the second of two transmission seasons occurring in the particular area and was based on prior local knowledge (62,63). At each site, a water body with human activity was selected, and water samples for eDNA analyses were taken before the conventional snail-based survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental DNA for improved detection and environmental surveillance of schistosomiasis

Sengupta

Hellström

Kariuki

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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107

113

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Schistosomiasis is a water-based, infectious disease with high morbidity and significant economic burdens affecting >250 million people globally. Disease control has, with notable success, for decades focused on drug treatment of infected human populations, but a recent paradigm shift now entails moving from control to elimination. To achieve this ambitious goal, more sensitive diagnostic tools are needed to monitor progress toward transmission interruption in the environment, especially in low-intensity infection areas. We report on the development of an environmental DNA (eDNA)-based tool to efficiently detect DNA traces of the parasite Schistosoma mansoni directly in the aquatic environment, where the nonhuman part of the parasite life cycle occurs. This is a report of the successful detection of S. mansoni in freshwater samples by using aquatic eDNA. True eDNA was detected in as few as 10 cercariae per liter of water in laboratory experiments. The field applicability of the method was tested at known transmission sites in Kenya, where comparison of schistosome detection by conventional snail surveys (snail collection and cercariae shedding) with eDNA (water samples) showed 71% agreement between the methods. The eDNA method furthermore detected schistosome presence at two additional sites where snail shedding failed, demonstrating a higher sensitivity of eDNA sampling. We conclude that eDNA provides a promising tool to substantially improve the environmental surveillance of S. mansoni. Given the proper method and guideline development, eDNA could become an essential future component of the schistosomiasis control tool box needed to achieve the goal of elimination.

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“…Conventional snail surveys were performed at each site by catching snails using a scoop for 20 min covering the selected sampling site (6,7). All the snails collected were identified to species-Preprint submittet to bioRxiv 12 level based on shell morphology (4).…”

Section: Comparison Of Edna Methods and Snail Survey In Field Sites Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using environmental DNA for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni: toward improved environmental surveillance of schistosomiasis

Hellström

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Schistosomiasis is a waterborne, infectious disease with high morbidity and significant economic burdens affecting more than 250 million people globally. Disease control has, with notable success, for decades focused on drug treatment of infected human populations, but a recent paradigm shift now entails moving from control to elimination. To achieve this ambitious goal more sensitive diagnostic tools are needed to monitor progress towards transmission interruption in the environment, especially in low-intensity infection areas. We report on the development of an environmental DNA (eDNA) based tool to efficiently detect DNA traces of the parasite Schistosoma mansoni directly in the aquatic environment, where the non-human part of the parasite life cycle occurs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the successful detection of S. mansoni in freshwater samples using aquatic eDNA. True eDNA was detected in as few as 10 cercariae/L water in laboratory experiments. The field applicability of the method was tested at known transmission sites in Kenya, where comparison of schistosome detection by conventional snail surveys (snail collection and cercariae shedding) with eDNA (water samples) showed 71% agreement between the methods. The eDNA method furthermore detected schistosome presence at two additional sites where snail shedding failed, demonstrating a higher sensitivity of eDNA sampling. We conclude that eDNA provides a promising new tool to significantly improve the environmental surveillance of S. mansoni. Given the proper method and guideline development, eDNA could become an essential future component of the schistosomiasis control tool box needed to achieve the goal of elimination.SignificanceAccurate detection and delineation of schistosomiasis transmission sites will be vital in on-going efforts to control and ultimately eliminate one of the most neglected tropical parasitic diseases affecting more than 250 million people worldwide. Conventional methods to detect parasites in the environment are cumbersome and have low sensitivity. We therefore developed an environmental DNA (eDNA) based method for schistosome detection in aquatic environments. Aquatic eDNA showed higher sensitivity than conventional snail surveys. We conclude that eDNA is a promising non-invasive and sensitive tool for environmental surveillance of schistosomiasis transmission. As the efforts and aims to control the disease are transitioning towards complete transmission interruption, this could be the robust and cost-effective surveillance tool needed in the “end game” of schistosomiasis.

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Long term study on the effect of mollusciciding with niclosamide in streamhabitats on the transmission of schistosomiasis mansoni after community-basedchemotherapy in Makueni District, Kenya

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Bioenergetic theory predicts infection dynamics of human schistosomes in intermediate host snails across ecological gradients

Bioenergetic theory predicts infection dynamics of human schistosomes in intermediate host snails across ecological gradients

Environmental DNA for improved detection and environmental surveillance of schistosomiasis

Using environmental DNA for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni: toward improved environmental surveillance of schistosomiasis

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