“…A retrospective cohort study was undertaken, including all children born in England and Wales with f-SV congenital heart disease 1 between 2000 and 2018 who underwent any initial or staged palliative procedures. 1 , 2 The National Congenital Heart Diseases Audit (registry) was used, with National Health Service Research Ethics Committee approval; the study dataset is available only on this basis. Five-year survival, as ascertained in 2020, was 72.1% (95% CI, 70.6%–73.7%).…”