Long-term tillage effect on with-in season variations in soil conditions and respiration from dryland winter wheat and soybean cropping systems

Zapata, Diana; Rajan, Nithya; Mowrer, Jake; Casey, Kenneth D.; Schnell, Ronnie W.; Hons, Frank M.

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-80979-1

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The role in the different responses of Rs to ploughing in the 2 experimental years can also play different water availability in those particular seasons. Zapata et al (2021) observed a greater SWC decrease in CT during dry weather compared to no-till technology. As Rs highly correlates with SWC under low SWC levels (Yuste et al, 2003), we may assume that the higher soil water retention in AT under dry conditions in 2019 increased Rs compared to CT. On the other hand, in 2020, with relatively better water availability after harvest (Figure 1), AT could reduce Rs because of the reduction in microbial activity and organic C decomposition due to air limitation (Buragienė et al, 2019).…”

Section: Effect Of Adaptation Technologymentioning

confidence: 79%

Soil CO2 Efflux Response to Combined Application of Adaptation Technologies, Nitrogen Fertilization, and External Carbon Amendment in Wheat and Barley Field

Dařenová

Findurova

Holub

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Agricultural practices applied to increase crop production and secure future food demands can have a large negative impact on the environmental quality. They should be, therefore, also evaluated in terms of an impact on soil organic carbon (C) content and greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of adaptation technology (AT) based on no-till crop sowing into cover crop mulch, nitrogen (N) fertilization, and external C supply in the form of biochar, compost, and composted biochar on soil CO2 efflux (Rs). Rs was measured using a closed gas-exchange system in biweekly to monthly intervals during 2 consecutive years when winter wheat (first year) and spring barley (second year) were cultivated. Biochar, compost, and composted biochar had no significant effects on Rs. N fertilization with the medium fertilizer dose tended to increase Rs compared to the control at the beginning of the growing season, followed by Rs decrease later in the season. On the other hand, fertilization with the maximum fertilizer dose mostly decreased Rs throughout the whole growing season. AT affected the dynamics of Rs substantially, depending on the year, site, and N fertilization, resulting in significant interactions between technology and date of measurement and also between site and technology. However, the mean effect of AT across the whole season was insignificant. The results show that the C increase in the soil that occurs after the application of compost and the combination of composted biochar application with AT is not accompanied by an increase in Rs and, thus, leads to at least short-term C storage in the soil. The reduction in CO2 emissions from soil to the atmosphere under AT represents a positive aspect of such management practice for mitigating climate change.

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Section: Effect Of Adaptation Technologymentioning

confidence: 79%

Soil CO2 Efflux Response to Combined Application of Adaptation Technologies, Nitrogen Fertilization, and External Carbon Amendment in Wheat and Barley Field

Dařenová

Findurova

Holub

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Additionally, the measured and explanatory data were collected from four tillage plots classified into two groups: conservation (RT, ST and NT) and conventional (CT). Although variability in soil VWC is common under different tillage practices (Alletto et al., 2011; Zapata et al., 2021), the measured VWC data showed no significant variation across all tillage methods. Large variabilities in hydraulic properties induced by tillage are likely to be lost after continuous drying and wetting cycles beyond the tillage event (Abebrese et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Estimating the spatial distribution of soil volumetric water content in an agricultural field employing remote sensing and other auxiliary data under different tillage management practices

Abebrese,

Biney,

Kara

et al. 2023

Soil Use and Management

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Knowledge of soil volumetric water content (VWC) on agricultural soils as influenced by different soil management practices is important, but the measurement outputs of frequently used traditional sampling techniques are restricted to point‐based measurements with limited spatial coverage. Remote sensing (RS) techniques are therefore being explored because of their greater spatial and temporal availability as well as their ability to cover large‐scale areas. But a general limitation for RS data is the presence of vegetation cover, cloud cover and the effect of topography. To minimize the effects of these factors during field sampling, the use of spectral indices and terrain attributes have proven successful in the estimation of several soil properties; however, the impact of these approaches for the estimation and mapping of soil VWC, an important factor in crop growth and development, especially where different soil management practices are employed, remains limited. To contribute to the knowledge base of RS under varying soil systems, this study explores the possibility of combining in‐situ measurements with remotely sensed (explanatory variables) data obtained under four different tillage practices to produce an estimated soil VWC that represents the entire study field. The tillage practices used include reduced till (RT), strategic till (ST), no‐till (NT) and conventional till (CT). From these tillage plots, three explanatory datasets, namely Sentinel‐2 (S2), spectral indices (SI) and terrain attributes (TA), were collected as predictors. In addition, each of the explanatory variables was structured into four groups, representing each of the four tillage methods. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was used, and the best results were selected based on the root mean squared error (RMSE), the coefficient of determination (R2) and the mean absolute error (MAE). Prior to soil VWC prediction, the Pearson correlation matrix was used to determine the linear relationship between each of the selected explanatory variables (S2 bands, SI and TA) and soil VWC. Furthermore, spatial distribution maps of soil VWC were constructed using the inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation technique. For soil VWC estimation, the TA outperformed the SI and S2 datasets (R2 = 0.84). Similarly, the spatial distribution maps obtained from the TA data show a study area with a large concentration of VWC compared with the other datasets. The study also identified CT as the tillage approach that most impacts soil VWC estimation because all predicted results were poor without the addition of data from the CT plot. According to our findings, using TA data collected from various tillage management systems to estimate soil VWC is very promising because they can be used as predictors to improve soil VWC estimation and mapping. This study demonstrates conclusively that remote sensing data collected from different tillage management systems can be used as predictors to enhance the estimation and mapping of soil VWC, complementing the basis for the development of reliable and consistent precision irrigation management systems.

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“…Plants sown in narrow rows reach canopy closure quicker than wide row cropping systems and thus, it was hypothesised that row spacing would influence factors such as root distribution, root C input, water use, N uptake, light interception and soil temperature, and directly or indirectly influence GHG emissions (Sharratt and McWilliams, 2005). Zapata et al (2021) reported higher CO 2 emissions from soybean compared to wheat (wide vs. narrow row spacing) due to prolonged exposure of surface soil to direct sunlight and high intensity rainfall. The absence of a row spacing effect in this study may be due to comparable above-ground vegetative growth rates and rapid canopy closure, irrespective of plant stand structure, thereby limiting the potential microclimatic effects of row spacing on GHG emissions.…”

Section: Crop Management and Ghg Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Crop Yields From Winter Oilseed Rape Cropping Systems are Unaffected by Management Practices

O’Neill

Lanigan

Forristal

2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Winter oilseed rape is traditionally established via plough-based soil cultivation and conventional sowing methods. Whilst there is potential to adopt lower cost, and less intensive establishment systems, the impact of these on greenhouse gas emissions have not been evaluated. To address this, field experiments were conducted in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 to investigate the effects of 1) crop establishment method and 2) sowing method on soil greenhouse gas emissions from a winter oilseed rape crop grown in Ireland. Soil carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane emission measurements were carried out using the static chamber method. Yield (t seed ha−1) and the yield-scaled global warming potential (kg CO2-eq. kg−1 seed) were also determined for each management practice. During crop establishment, conventional tillage induced an initially rapid loss of carbon dioxide (2.34 g C m−2 hr−1) compared to strip tillage (0.94 g C m−2 hr−1) or minimum tillage (0.16 g C m−2 hr−1) (p < 0.05), although this decreased to background values within a few hours. In the crop establishment trial, the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions were, apart from methane, unaffected by tillage management when sown at a conventional (125 mm) or wide (600 mm) row spacing. In the sowing method trial, cumulative carbon dioxide emissions were also 21% higher when plants were sown at 10 seeds m−2 compared to 60 seeds m−2 (p < 0.05). Row spacing width (125 and 750 mm) and variety (conventional and semi-dwarf) were found to have little effect on greenhouse gas emissions and differences in seed yield between the sowing treatments were small. Overall, management practices had no consistent effect on soil greenhouse gas emissions and modifications in seed yield per plant countered differences in planting density.

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Long-term tillage effect on with-in season variations in soil conditions and respiration from dryland winter wheat and soybean cropping systems

Cited by 16 publications

References 70 publications

Soil CO2 Efflux Response to Combined Application of Adaptation Technologies, Nitrogen Fertilization, and External Carbon Amendment in Wheat and Barley Field

Soil CO2 Efflux Response to Combined Application of Adaptation Technologies, Nitrogen Fertilization, and External Carbon Amendment in Wheat and Barley Field

Estimating the spatial distribution of soil volumetric water content in an agricultural field employing remote sensing and other auxiliary data under different tillage management practices

Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Crop Yields From Winter Oilseed Rape Cropping Systems are Unaffected by Management Practices

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