Long-term toxicological effects of paracetamol in rats

Majeed, Saima; Ramadhan, Mukhallad Abdul Kareem; Monther, W.

doi:10.33899/ijvs.2013.82959

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The oxidative stress that usually results from acetaminophen over dose is due to the toxic effect of a highly reactive metabolite known as N-acetyl-P-benzoquinone imine, which is eliminated by conjugation of glutathione in the liver [33]. Excess of this metabolite causes the depletion of this endogenous antioxidant, glutathione resulting in lipid peroxidation, which deplete cellular lipids and proteins [33]. Therefore the cellular damage resulting from acetaminophen toxicity is as a result of lipid peroxidation and the exudation of cellular components like lysosomal enzymes [3,4,6,7,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hydro-methanol stem bark extract of Burkea africana on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and haematological parameters in acetaminophen-poisoned rats

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Burkea africana is a widely used medicinal plant in folkloric medicine in many developing countries of the world. It is useful in the treatment of various ailments including hepatitis, jaundice, diarrhea, stomach aches, abscesses, oedema, epilepsy, bloody diarrhea, gonorrhea, syphilis, toothaches and poisoning. Nevertheless, there are little or no scientific evidence to substantiate this medicinal claim by traditional healers. Burkea africana stem bark was therefore, investigated for its protective or stabilizing effect on erythrocyte membrane in acetaminophen-treated rats. B. africana stem bark was extracted using 80% methanol. Erythrocyte stabilizing effect was studied using erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) test. Thirty (30) male rats were randomly assigned into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each. Groups 1 and 2 served as normal control and negative control (acetaminophen-treated group) respectively. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were pretreated with methanol stem bark extract of Burkea africana (MSBEBA) at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight respectively once daily for seven (7) days. Blood samples were collected from the animals in all the groups on the 8 day for evaluation of packed cell volume, haemoglobin, red blood cell, white blood cell counts, and differential white blood cell count as well as erythrocyte osmotic fragility. Results The erythrocyte osmotic fragility test showed that there was a significantly (p < 0.05) low percentage hemolysis in the groups pre-treated with the extract when compared with the negative control. The percentage hemolysis was least at 600 mg/kg body weight of the extract. There was also a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the packed cell volume, haemoglobin, red blood cell count at all the doses of the extract used. Neutrophils were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased while lymphocytes were significantly increased in the groups administered MSBEBA 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion Methanol stem bark extract of Burkea africana had protective effect on the red blood cells and also improved haematological parameters. This indicates that Burkea africana may be useful in the treatment of disease conditions that results in hemolytic anemia by stabilizing red erythrocyte membranes and enhancing erythropoiesis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hydro-methanol stem bark extract of Burkea africana on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and haematological parameters in acetaminophen-poisoned rats

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Acetaminophen induces both acute and chronic nephrotoxicity especially at very high doses of 10-15 g and it is seen as necrosis and damage to proximal convoluted tubules. 35,36 At lower doses (0.5-1 g), it has been demonstrated to cause nephropathy sequel to hepatic damage. 35 Acetaminopheninduced nephrotoxicity often results in wide range of metabolic disorders with serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine changes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35,36 At lower doses (0.5-1 g), it has been demonstrated to cause nephropathy sequel to hepatic damage. 35 Acetaminopheninduced nephrotoxicity often results in wide range of metabolic disorders with serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine changes. 33 Elevations in the serum urea and creatinine are reliable and welldocumented parameters for investigating renal insufficiency in animals and man.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative Effect and In-Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Methanol Extract of Burkea africana Stem Bark On Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Swem¹,

Aba²,

Udem³

2020

TJNPR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidases (Glutathione peroxidases), 5 glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferases, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase. 6 They act by inhibiting or neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and also detoxify products of lipid peroxidation such as malondialdehyde (MDA). Glutathione and its reducing equivalent, ascorbate, together with enzymes (mono and dihydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase) are useful for the removal of ROS. Synthetic liver and or kidney protective drugs are bewildered with a lot of side effects and are also expensive. Scientists have undertaken to find better, safer and cheaper liver protective drugs from natural sources such as medicinal plants. Burkea africana (Ceaesalpiniaceae) also known as Wild Syringa is a deciduous flat-topped plant which is readily found in tropical and subtropical region of Africa. 7 It has been widely used in folkloric medicine in Africa for the treatment of several disease conditions including hepatitis and other liver related disorders. It is also used for the treatment of fever, scabies, stomach aches, abscesses, edema, syphilis, ulcers, wounds, cough, catarrh, menorrhea, pneumonia, epilepsy, bloody diarrhea, gonorrhea, toothache, headache, poisoning, skin diseases and inflammation of the tongue and gums. 8,9 Studies have revealed that Burkea africana stem bark has invitro antioxidant, 10,11 molluscicidal, 12 antibacterial, antifungal, 13 and antiviral (anti-influenza) activities. 14 The anti-cancer, antidiarrheal, sedative and anxiolytic properties of the plant have been reported. 7 Burkea africana stem bark have been shown to have significant cell protecting effect in-vitro. 15 Phytochemical screening of the methanol and aqueous stem bark extract of Burkea africana revealed constituents such as tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, plobatannins, sterols and terpenes in the bark. 13 The presence of two major proanthocyanidins components (fisetinidol-(4α-8)-catechin 3-gallate and bisfisetinidol

show abstract

“…Many studies have shown that high dose or frequent use of paracetamol lead to damage to various tissues, particularly in liver and kidney. [10][11][12] This study investigated the effects of high doses of paracetamol on the thyroid gland depending on time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of high-dose paracetamol on thyroid gland of female rats

Eren

Ulubay

Sağir

et al. 2020

Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study is to determine whether paracetamol, an analgesic whose mechanism of action is not yet fully known but used unconsciously, causes toxicity on the thyroid gland. Materials and Methods: A total of 25 female Wistar albino rats divided into five groups as Control (C), Paracetamol 7 days (P7), Paracetamol 14 days (P14), Paracetamol 21 days (P21) and Paracetamol 28 days (P28). The Paracetamol groups were given 750 mg/kg/day paracetamol via oral gavage administration until the day they were sacrificed. Routine histological procedures were applied to the removed thyroid glands. Thyroid tissue sections were evaluated morphometrically and histopathologically. Results: Cytoplasmic vacuolization and deterioration in follicle and colloid structures were detected in follicular epithelial cells in thyroid tissue sections of groups given paracetamol. The mean of follicle diameter measurement of the P7 group was significantly decreased compared to the control group (p<0.05). In all paracetamol groups, the mean follicular epithelium height increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion:These results show that high doses of paracetamol cause toxic effects on the thyroid gland depending on the duration of use.

show abstract

Long-term toxicological effects of paracetamol in rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of hydro-methanol stem bark extract of Burkea africana on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and haematological parameters in acetaminophen-poisoned rats

Effect of hydro-methanol stem bark extract of Burkea africana on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and haematological parameters in acetaminophen-poisoned rats

Ameliorative Effect and In-Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Methanol Extract of Burkea africana Stem Bark On Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Adverse effects of high-dose paracetamol on thyroid gland of female rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About