Long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in old age: Relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors

Torre‐Luque, Alejandro de la; J, de la Fuente; Prina, Matthew; Sánchez-Niubò, Albert; Haro, Josep María; Ayuso-Mateos, José Luís

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.122

Cited by 34 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Some studies that distinguished among various age groups of elderly persons indicate that gender differences are maintained in old age with a tendency to diminish only after the age of 80 (10, 79). Regarding gender differences in functional disabilities and depressive symptoms, most studies show that gaps to the disadvantage of women continue to exist in late life (63, 74, 80–83). Furthermore, while some research indicates that such gender gaps vary across studies [e.g., (82)], other studies indicate that gender gaps in some diseases, such as functional disabilities, hypertension and depression increase with aging, to the disadvantage of women, even after adjusting for age and survivorship status [e.g., (83–88)].…”

Section: Gender Differences In Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Well-Being in Late Life: Gender Differences Worldwide

Carmel

2019

Front. Med.

153

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Maintaining health and quality of life and decreasing the number of years lived with disabilities in old age are among the main challenges of aging societies worldwide. This paper aims to present current worldwide health-related gender inequalities throughout life, and especially in late life, as well as gender gaps in social and personal resources which affect health, functioning and well-being. This paper also addresses the question of whether gender gaps at younger ages tend to narrow in late life, due to the many biological and social changes that occur in old age. Based on international data regarding these gender gaps and the trends of change in personal resources and health-related lifestyles in the more and less developed nations, conclusions regarding future changes in gender gaps are presented, along with practical implications for future improvements in women's health and well-being.

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Section: Gender Differences In Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Well-Being in Late Life: Gender Differences Worldwide

Carmel

2019

Front. Med.

153

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“…However, the probability of manifesting meaningful depression symptoms raised over time, especially due to increasing episode persistence and recurrence. In this line, robust evidence supports the increasing levels of depression symptoms throughout later life …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…This rate rose over time as proven by a significant growth slope, and how the probability of showing episode persistence status across waves was high ( P = 0.85). Some studies have highlighted that depression syndromes tend to become chronic and unremitting in a low but significant proportion (over 10%) of older adults . Chronic symptom conditions may show a poor prognosis, even though responsiveness to depression treatments is not undermined in old‐age .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is estimated that 3%‐16% of adults may experience a depression disorder episode in late life . Additionally, up to 10% of older adults may experience an unremitting and chronic course of depressive symptoms, with an increased impact on daily living . Recurrent depression, characterised by a relapse in depression symptoms after a euthymic period, is also very frequent in older age, with prevalence estimates between 25 and 40% …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This involves clinically subthreshold syndromes (highly prevalent in old‐age) being overlooked. Mounting evidence has highlighted the devastating consequences of depression from its earliest (subclinical) stages …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stability of clinically relevant depression symptoms in old‐age across 11 cohorts: a multi‐state study

Torre‐Luque

Sánchez-Niubò

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Stability of clinically relevant depression symptoms in old-age across 11 cohorts: a multi-state study de la Torre-Luque A, de la Fuente J, Sanchez-Niubo A, et al. Stability of clinically relevant depression symptoms in old-age across 11 cohorts: a multi-state study.Aims: To study the temporal dynamics of depression symptom episodes in old-age and the related influence of risk factors. Methods: Data from 41 362 old adults (54.61% women; mean age = 75.30, SD = 6.20) from the Ageing Trajectories of Health -Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project were used. Depressive symptoms were followed over an 18-year period. A multi-state model, comprising three statuses (no depression, new clinically relevant episode of symptoms and episode persistence), was fitted. Multinomial regression was used to study the role of risk factors in status transition. Results: Almost 85% of participants showed no depression, but prevalence became lower over time (B = À0.25, P < 0.001). New episode point prevalence was over 5.30% with a significant probability of moving to persistence status (transition probability = 0.27). Episode persistence became evident in 9.86% of episode status transitions, with increasing rate over time (B = 0.54, P < 0.01). Loneliness was proven to be the strongest predictor of episode emergence (OR = 17.76) and persistence (OR = 5.93). Conclusions: The course of depression tends to become chronic and unremitting in old-age. This study may help to plan interventions to tackle symptom escalation and risk factor influence. Significant outcomes• Most of older adults did not show any episode of clinically relevant symptoms of depression over time.• Almost one in four older individuals who showed a first episode of symptoms showed either episode persistence or episode recurrence later in life.• Loneliness was the most relevant factor in predicting symptom episode emergence and persistence. Limitations• This is an epidemiological study focused on providing a coarse-grained picture of late-life depression symptom dynamics.• Despite our large sample from multiple countries across the globe, cultural issues were not controlled in this study.

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Trajectories of depression symptoms over time differ by APOE4 genotype in older adults with type 2 diabetes

Lavie

Beeri

Berman

et al. 2021

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Objectives The APOE‐ε4 genotype has been associated with old‐age depression, but this relationship has been rarely investigated in type 2 diabetes (T2D) older adults, who are at significantly increased risk for depression, a major contributor to T2D complications. We examined whether trajectories of depression symptoms over time differ by APOE‐ε4 genotype in older adults with T2D. Methods Participants (n = 754 [13.1% APOE‐ε4 carrier]s) were from the longitudinal Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline (IDCD) study. They were initially cognitively normal and underwent evaluations of depression approximately every 18 months using the 15‐item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the depression subscale of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). APOE was defined as a dichotomy of ε4 carriers and non‐carriers. We used Hierarchical Linear Mixed Models (HLMM) that modeled the effects of APOE status on repeated GDS and NPI‐depression scores in an unadjusted model (Model 1), adjusting for demographic factors (Model 2) and additionally adjusting for cardiovascular factors and global cognition (Model 3). Results Participants’ mean age was 71.37 (SD = 4.5); 38.2% female. In comparison to non‐carriers, APOE‐ε4 carriers had lower mean GDS scores (β = −0.46, p = 0.018) and lower NPI‐depression scores (β = −0.170, p = 0.038) throughout all study follow period. The groups did not differ in the slope of change over time in GDS (β = −0.005, p = 0.252) or NPI‐depression (β = −0.001, p = 0.994) scores. Additional adjustment for cardiovascular factors and global cognition did not alter these results. Conclusions In older adults with T2D, APOE‐ε4 carriers have less depressive symptoms in successive measurements suggesting they may be less susceptible to depression.

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Long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in old age: Relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors

Cited by 34 publications

References 53 publications

Health and Well-Being in Late Life: Gender Differences Worldwide

Health and Well-Being in Late Life: Gender Differences Worldwide

Stability of clinically relevant depression symptoms in old‐age across 11 cohorts: a multi‐state study

Trajectories of depression symptoms over time differ by APOE4 genotype in older adults with type 2 diabetes

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