Long‐term treatment with the beta‐3 adrenoceptor agonist, mirabegron ameliorates detrusor overactivity and restores cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in obese mice

Abstract

Mirabegron was able to completely restore the urinary alterations seen in the bladder from obese mice.

Menthol ameliorates voiding dysfunction in types I and II diabetic mouse model

“…Generally, mice and rats injected with STZ display an irregular micturition pattern with a higher bladder capacity, threshold pressure and increased frequency of voiding and NVCs, along with shorter intercontraction intervals . Likewise, HFD‐fed mice also develop an irregular micturition pattern, evidenced by the increased frequency of voiding and threshold pressure, in addition to the higher presence of NVCs . These cystometric alterations in T1DM and T2DM have been confirmed in the present study, all suggesting an overactive detrusor phenotype.…”

“…By reaching 4 weeks of age, the animals were fed for additional 12 weeks with a high‐fat diet to induce obesity (carbohydrate: 29%; protein: 16%; fat: 55%), whereas the control group received standard chow (carbohydrate: 70%; protein: 20%; fat: 10%). By reaching 16 weeks of age, mice were used for experimentation …”

“…Several comorbidities are directly associated with DM, including the lower urinary tract symptoms, which are found in more than 80% of individuals diagnosed with DM . Previous studies have explored the pathophysiology of the voiding dysfunction in T1DM and T2DM, using STZ and high‐fat diets (HFD), respectively . A temporal effect of diabetes on bladder function has been proposed where in an early phase of bladder dysfunction, a compensated bladder exhibit impaired filling cystometry that is accompanied by increases in the frequency of voiding and non‐voiding contractions (NVCs) .…”

Chronic high‐fat diet decreased detrusor mitochondrial respiration and increased nerve‐mediated contractions

“…This mouse model is valuable in understanding the development of obesity‐induced bladder dysfunction. Previous studies have established that male mice fed an HFD for 10 to 12 weeks develop increased body weight, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance . Additionally, anesthetized cystometry indicate increased voiding frequency, nonvoiding contractions, and ex vivo bladder contractility while bladder relaxation is impaired .…”

“…Previous studies have established that male mice fed an HFD for 10 to 12 weeks develop increased body weight, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance . Additionally, anesthetized cystometry indicate increased voiding frequency, nonvoiding contractions, and ex vivo bladder contractility while bladder relaxation is impaired . Most of these studies describe overall bladder physiology in models of HFD‐induced obesity; however, few have determined what underlying mechanisms are leading to bladder dysfunction.…”