Long-Term Trend Analysis in Annual and Seasonal Precipitation, Maximum and Minimum Temperatures in the Southwest United States

Abstract

The objective of this study is to perform trend analysis in the historic data sets of annual and crop season [May–September] precipitation and daily maximum and minimum temperatures across the southwest United States. Eighteen ground-based weather stations were considered across the southwest United States for a total period from 1902 to 2017. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall test method was used for the significance of the trend analysis and the Sen’s slope estimator was used to derive the long-term average rates of change in the parameters. The results showed a decreasing trend in annual precipitation at 44.4% of the stations with the Sen’s slopes varying from −1.35 to −0.02 mm/year while the other stations showed an increasing trend. Crop season total precipitation showed non-significant variation at most of the stations except two stations in Arizona. Seventy-five percent of the stations showed increasing trend in annual maximum temperature at the rates that varied from 0.6 to 3.1 °C per century. Air cooling varied from 0.2 to 1.0 °C per century with dominant warming phenomenon at the regional scale of the southwest United States. Average annual minimum temperature had increased at 69% of the stations at the rates that varied from 0.1 to 8 °C over the last century, while the annual temperature amplitude showed a decreasing trend at 63% of stations. Crop season maximum temperature had significant increasing trend at 68.8% of the stations at the rates varying from 0.7 to 3.5 °C per century, while the season minimum temperature had increased at 75% of the stations.

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Relative Humidity Using Gis, Idw Interpolation Method and Mann-Kendal Test for Kurdistan Region of Iraq

“…STUDY AREA AND DATA The study area is focused on the Iraqi Kurdistan region. It is situated in the north part of Iraq, the geographical coordinates of the Kurdistan region are approximately between longitudes (43° and 46° MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY The non-parametric Mann-Kendall statistical test is the most extensively utilized technique in climate time series analysis, including relative humidity, temperature, precipitation, evaporation, wind speed, wind direction, sunshine, etc (Adeeb and Al-Timimi 2020;Djaman et al 2020). The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen's slope estimator were used to analyze the seasonal and annual relative humidity data in the current study.…”

Climate Dynamics over Kerala, India: Insight from a Century-long Temperature and Rainfall Data Analysis

“…Climate data, especially rainfall and temperature, could serve as the basis for climate hazard mapping and risk assessment of various regions, sectors, and communities to ensure climate-proof development [22]. Numerous studies [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31] have been conducted to analyze temperature and rainfall trends in various regions worldwide. A few studies also analyzed rainfall and temperature trends in Kerala using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and parametric regression test.…”

Accuracy of Estimated Crop Evapotranspiration Using Locally Developed Crop Coefficients against Satellite-Derived Crop Evapotranspiration in a Semiarid Climate

“…The northwest of New Mexico is characterized by a semiarid/arid climate with a variable annual precipitation, which averaged 237.5 mm for the 1930-2017 period, while precipitation in the crop growing season (May through September) averaged 144.1 mm for the same period, which was concentrated during the July-September monsoon [41]. Preirrigation is therefore required before or just after planting, and no crop is produced without irrigation in northwest New Mexico.…”